CHEMISTRY

Subject abbreviation: CHEM  

Dallas L. Rabenstein, Ph.D., Chair

M. Mark Midland, Ph.D., Vice Chair

Department Office, 1225 Pierce Hall

Professors:

Steven R. Angle, Ph.D.

David F. Bocian, Ph.D.

Eric L. Chronister, Ph.D.

Werner G. Kuhr, Ph.D.

M. Mark Midland, Ph.D.

Thomas H. Morton, Ph.D.

William H. Okamura, Ph.D.

Dallas L. Rabenstein, Ph.D.

Michael F. Rettig, Ph.D.

Gary W. Scott, Ph.D.

Francisco Zaera, Ph.D.

Professors Emeriti:

Walter J. Deal, Ph.D.

Everly B. Fleischer, Ph.D.

Harry W. Johnson, Jr., Ph.D.

George K. Helmkamp, Ph.D.

Robert C. Neuman, Jr., Ph.D.

Donald T. Sawyer, Ph.D.

Hartland H. Schmidt, Ph.D.

Charles L. Wilkins, Ph.D.

Richard M. Wing, Ph.D.

Associate Professors:

Kimberly A. Prather, Ph.D.

Christopher Y. Switzer, Ph.D.

Assistant Professors:

T. Keith Hollis, Ph.D.

Sheri J. Lillard, Ph.D.

Michael J. Marsella, Ph.D.

Leonard J. Mueller, Ph.D.

Jingsong Zhang, Ph.D.

**

Cooperating faculty:

Roger Atkinson, Ph.D.

Paul J. Ziemann, Ph.D.

MAJOR  

The Department of Chemistry offers both a B.A. and a B.S. degree in Chemistry as well as a B.S. in Chemistry with a Chemical Physics option or a B.S. in Chemistry with an Environmental Chemistry option.

Bachelor of Arts Degree. The B.A. program is designed for students who wish to obtain a broad educational background with less intensive emphasis on chemistry. In this program, students have increased ease in meeting requirements for such areas as premedical, predental, or prepharmaceutical science; education; and administration.

Bachelor of Science Degree. The B.S. program is certified by the American Chemical Society and is designed for students interested in a professionally oriented major leading most often to a career or advanced study in chemistry. A chemical physics option is available for students who wish to prepare for admission to a graduate program in chemical physics.

The environmental chemistry option is available for students who wish to become familiar with environmental processes and problems related to air, water, and soil, and to apply their chemical knowledge working in environmental related areas. This option will also prepare students for admission to a graduate program emphasizing environmental chemistry.

Pre-Health Science. Chemistry majors in either the B.A. or B.S. programs can prepare for admission to medical, pharmacy, or dental schools by carefully planning their programs of study. Students planning to apply for post-graduate studies in the health sciences should make it a special point to consult with the Chemistry Undergraduate Advisor early in their studies at UCR.

TEACHING CREDENTIAL

Teachers in the public schools in California must have a credential approved by the State Commission on Teacher Credentialing. The credential requires an undergraduate major, baccalaureate degree, and completion of a graduate credential program such as that offered by the School of Education at UCR. The latter usually requires three quarters and includes education courses and supervised teaching.

Before admission and student teaching in a graduate credential program, the candidate must pass the California Basic Education Skills Test (CBEST) and demonstrate subject-matter proficiency in the fields which the candidate will teach. The candidate can demonstrate proficiency either by passing the Commission's subject-matter assessment examination, or preferably, by completion of an undergraduate program that is state-approved for teacher preparation.

UCR has an approved undergraduate program for chemistry majors who plan to get a Multiple-subject Credential and teach in the elementary (K-6) grades. A breadth of course work is necessary, in addition to those required for the major. Students are urged to start early, preferably as freshmen, selecting courses most helpful for this career.

UCR does not yet have a state-approved undergraduate program for chemistry majors who wish to teach at the secondary level. The Teaching Credential in Science, chemistry emphasis, is required for chemistry teachers, grades 7-12. Students who plan to get this credential must take the Commission's subject-matter assessment examination and should make certain their academic program includes preparatory course work. The examination includes chemistry in depth and general science with introductory, college-level biology, chemistry, physics, and geoscience (geology, meteorology, oceanography, astronomy).

Further information about courses, requirements, and examinations can be obtained in orientation meetings, the Student Affairs Office (1221 Pierce Hall), and the School of Education (1215 Sproul Hall).

CAREER OPPORTUNITIES

Most present-day chemists work in industrial firms, government, and education. Although many chemists eventually leave the research laboratory for positions in management, marketing, or production, the most common professional assignments are in research and development. Chemists are involved in the development, production, testing, control, and sales of products such as medicines, glasses, metals, agrochemicals, paints, rubber, plastics, soaps and detergents, and plant nutrients. An increasing number of chemists are involved in the fields of molecular biology, air and water quality, and the development of new sources of energy and new high-technology materials.

The Federal Government and nonprofit foundations also employ chemists. Such agencies as the National Institutes of Health, Department of Energy, the Environmental Protection Agency, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Institutes of Science and Technology, and Food and Drug Administration require scientific and technological advice and administration as well as chemical research.

The bachelor's degree programs in the UCR Department of Chemistry are well suited for preparation for general, technical, professional, and health-science careers. After graduation, UCR students may be professionally employed; go on to graduate work; or enter business, medical, or other professional schools.

DEGREE REQUIREMENTS  

UNIVERSITY REQUIREMENTS

General University requirements are Universitywide requirements which all undergraduates must satisfy. See the Undergraduate Studies section for a complete listing.

COLLEGE REQUIREMENTS

Students must fulfill all breadth requirements of the College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences. See Degree Requirements under College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences in the Undergraduate Studies section of this catalog.

Some of the following requirements for the major may also fulfill some of the College's breadth requirements. Consult with a department advisor for course planning.

MAJOR REQUIREMENTS

The major requirements for the B.A. and the B.S. degree in Chemistry are as follows:

For the Bachelor of Arts

1. Lower-division requirements (45-48 units)

• a) MATH 009A-MATH 009B-MATH 009C, MATH 010A
• b) PHYS 040A, PHYS 040B, PHYS 040C (or PHYS 002A, PHYS 002B, PHYS 002C)
• c) CHEM 001A-CHEM 001B-CHEM 001C (or CHEM 01HA-CHEM 01HB-CHEM 01HC), CHEM 005

2. Upper-division requirements (38 units)

• a) CHEM 110A, CHEM 110B, CHEM 112A-CHEM 112B-CHEM 112C, CHEM 113, CHEM 125, CHEM 150A, CHEM 191, and either CHEM 111 or CHEM 166
• b) Ten (10) additional upper-division units in Chemistry if the year of organic chemistry is taken at a community college

For the Bachelor of Science

1. Lower-division requirements (61 units)

• a) CHEM 001A-CHEM 001B-CHEM 001C (or CHEM 01HA-CHEM 01HB-CHEM 01HC), CHEM 005
• b) MATH 009A-MATH 009B-MATH 009C, MATH 010A-MATH 010B, and MATH 046
• c) PHYS 040A, PHYS 040B, PHYS 040C, PHYS 040D

2. Upper-division requirements (50 units)

• a) CHEM 110A, CHEM 110B , CHEM 111, CHEM 112A-CHEM 112B-CHEM 112C, CHEM 113, CHEM 125, CHEM 150A, CHEM 191
• b) Two laboratory courses from the group CHEM 140, CHEM 166; BCH 102,
• c) One course from the group CHEM 150B, CHEM 135/ENSC 135, CHEM 136/ENSC 136, BCH 110A;

Major Requirements for the Bachelor of Science in Chemistry with a Chemical Physics option are as follows:

Students must consult the Undergraduate Advisor before electing this option.

1. Lower-division requirements (61 units)

• a) CHEM 001A-CHEM 001B-CHEM 001C (or CHEM 01HA-CHEM 01HB-CHEM 01HC), CHEM 005
• b) MATH 009A-MATH 009B-MATH 009C, MATH 010A-MATH 010B, MATH 046
• c) PHYS 040A, PHYS 040B, PHYS 040C, PHYS 040D (or, with the permission of the Undergraduate Advisor, PHYS 002A, PHYS 002B, PHYS 002C)

2. Upper-division requirements (74 units)

• a) CHEM 110A, CHEM 110B, CHEM 111, CHEM 140, CHEM 112A-CHEM 112B-CHEM 112C, CHEM 113, CHEM 150A-CHEM 150B, CHEM 191
• b) Twenty-four (24) units of upper-division course work in Mathematics or Physics (110 or above excluding 190 series)
• c) Nine (9) additional units in physical chemistry

Major Requirements for the Bachelor of Science in Chemistry with an Environmental Chemistry option are as follows:

Students must consult the Undergraduate Advisor before electing this option.

1. Lower-division requirements (73 units)

• a) CHEM 001A-CHEM 001B-CHEM 001C (or CHEM 01HA-CHEM 01HB-CHEM 01HC), CHEM 005
• b) MATH 009A-MATH 009B-MATH 009C, MATH 010A-MATH 010B, MATH 046
• c) PHYS 040A, PHYS 040B, PHYS 040C, PHYS 040D
• d) BIOL 005A-BIOL 005B-BIOL 005C

2. Upper-division requirements (65-67 units)

• a) CHEM 110A, CHEM 110B, CHEM 111, CHEM 112A-CHEM 112B-CHEM 112C, CHEM 113, CHEM 125, CHEM 135, CHEM 136, CHEM 140, CHEM 150A, CHEM 166, CHEM 191
• b) One course from GEO 137 or SLSC 104
• c) Two additional courses from the group CHEM 150B, CHEM 197, CHEM 199, ENSC 140, ENSC 142, ENSC 155, ENSC 163, ENTX 101, GEO 137, GEO 158, GEO 160A, SLSC 104 (4 units total from CHEM 197 and/or CHEM 199)

Undergraduate research is strongly encouraged for students with the requisite ability. Students wishing to participate in this activity should contact individual staff members concerning areas of interest.

SAMPLE PROGRAM

Student programs are planned on an individual basis with their advisors, and there is considerable flexibility in the sequence in which courses required for the major are taken. For example, PHYS 040A, PHYS 040B, PHYS 040C can be started equally well during either the freshman or sophomore year. The sample program is typical for a well-prepared entering freshman who seeks the B.S. degree.

MINOR

The Minor in Chemistry consists of 28 upper-division units in chemistry.

1. No more than 8 of the 28 upper-division units may be in courses required in the student's major.

2. At least one of the courses used to satisfy the 28 units must be in CHEM 125, CHEM 111, CHEM 140 or CHEM 166 (courses which include laboratory work).

All of the upper-division courses in chemistry have a prerequisite of CHEM 001A-CHEM 001B-CHEM 001C or CHEM 01HA-CHEM 01HB-CHEM 01HC and most have CHEM 005 as a prerequisite.

Students with a minor in Chemistry should consult with the Chemistry undergraduate advisor to construct a specific program consistent with their career goals.

See Minors under the College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences in the Undergraduate Studies section of this catalog for additional information on minors.

GRADUATE PROGRAM  

Fields of specialization (subdisciplines) offered by the Department of Chemistry are analytical chemistry, inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, and physical chemistry. Research is also carried out in bioanalytical, bioinorganic, bioorganic, and biophysical chemistry and in chemical physics, environmental/atmospheric, organometallic chemistry, and neuroscience. For additional information on the latter, please see Neuroscience Graduate Study in the Curricula and Courses section of this catalog. All applicants are required to submit scores from the general aptitude Graduate Records Examination (GRE). A score from the Advanced Chemistry GRE is not required for admission. It is strongly recommended, however, that applicants submit this score in order to receive maximum consideration for fellowships. The Department normally considers applications for teaching and research assistantships at the same time as fellowships; therefore, students are strongly encouraged to complete their applications for admission and support as early as possible. Normally applications for fellowships are awarded by February for students entering in the following fall quarter. Although most students begin in the fall quarter, students may begin their studies in the winter or spring quarter.

ORIENTATION EXAMINATIONS

All students admitted to regular graduate status as prospective candidates for master's or doctoral degrees in chemistry are required, at the beginning of their first quarter in residence, to take orientation examinations. The examinations are normally given during two consecutive days starting up to one week prior to the first day of instruction. Although a notice of the times and places of these examinations is sent to each student admitted to regular graduate status in chemistry, it is the student's responsibility to be on the campus early enough to check the bulletin boards in Pierce Hall for this information. Students working toward advanced degrees in chemistry take these examinations in the four subdisciplines: analytical, inorganic, organic, and physical chemistry. The purpose of these examinations is to assess the student's undergraduate preparation. The results permit the faculty to determine the course program that will most effectively aid the students' development in their chosen subdisciplines.

MASTER'S DEGREE

Requirements are (1) orientation examinations in analytical, inorganic, organic, and physical chemistry; (2) general University requirements; and departmental requirements for either Plan I or Plan II. Plan I: (a) at least 36 units of approved courses and graduate research of which five regular lecture courses in the CHEM 200-249 series (CHEM 150A or CHEM 150B, and CHEM 125 may apply under certain circumstances) must be included. A maximum of 12 units of seminar courses (CHEM 250-259) and a maximum of 12 units of graduate research; (but not those numbered CHEM 260-289) may apply towards the 36 units; (b) a thesis; (c) a final oral examination on the thesis may be required. Plan II: (a) at least 36 units of approved courses of which at least 18 must be in regular lecture courses numbered CHEM 200-249 (CHEM 150A or CHEM 150B, and CHEM 125 may apply under certain circumstances) and up to 12 units of graduate seminar courses numbered CHEM 250-259. Those numbered CHEM 260-289 are specifically excluded; (b) passing a comprehensive final examination. Under both plans a reading knowledge of German, French or Russian is recommended.

DOCTORAL DEGREE

The requirements are (1) orientation examinations in analytical, inorganic, organic, and physical chemistry; (2) general University requirements; (3) departmental requirements: (a) Program of Study. A program of study will be required by the departmental committee on graduate study on the basis of the students' performance on the orientation examinations and a consideration of their subdisciplines. For students with a normal B.S. level preparation, the typical course pattern for each subdiscipline is as follows: analytical (a minimum of three courses selected from CHEM 221A-CHEM 221B-CHEM 221C-CHEM 221D-CHEM 221E plus two other courses), inorganic (CHEM 231 plus four other courses); organic (CHEM 211A-CHEM 211B-CHEM 211C plus two other courses) and physical (a minimum of three courses selected from CHEM 201A-CHEM 201B-CHEM 201C-CHEM 201D-CHEM 201E plus two other courses). (b) Cumulative Examinations. To encourage a planned program of study and literature reading carried out concurrently with research, the major written examinations in each subdiscipline offered for the doctor's degree (namely, analytical, inorganic, organic and physical chemistry) shall consist of cumulative examinations. Nine examinations are given each year, the first in September and the last in June. Students may begin the cumulative examinations at any time during their first year in residence. Normally, students would be expected to start by the beginning of the second quarter in residence. Once the examination program has been started, students may elect to take the examinations sequentially or skip selected examinations at their discretion. However, no student will be given more than the 15 attempts to pass the six (6) examinations needed to satisfy the requirement. In addition, the six (6) examinations must be passed before the end of the second year in residence. (c) Foreign Languages. A reading knowledge of German, French, or Russian is recommended but not required for the doctor's degree in chemistry. (d) Oral Qualifying Examination. After passing the required number of cumulative examinations, the candidates are given an oral examination by their doctoral committee. This examination consists in part of defending an original proposition and is designed to test the extent of the candidates' development and their breadth of knowledge in chemistry and related fields. (e) Teaching Assistant Experience. Three quarters of service as a teaching assistant, or equivalent, are normally required.

The normative time to the Ph.D. degree is 15 quarters.

LOWER-DIVISION COURSES  

CHEM 001A-CHEM 001B-CHEM 001C.
General Chemistry. (4-4-4) Year
(001A: F,W, Summer; 001B: W,S, Summer; 001C: F,S, Summer)

Lecture, three hours; laboratory, three hours. Prerequisite(s): for CHEM 001A: CHEM 001W or MATH 005 or a grade of "C" or better in an equivalent course or a passing score on the Chemistry Placement Examination; for CHEM 001B: a grade of"C-" or better in CHEM 001A; for CHEM 001C: a grade of "C-" or better in CHEM 001B. An introduction to the basic principles of chemistry. Credit is awarded for only one of CHEM 001A or CHEM 01HA, only one of CHEM 001B or CHEM 01HB, and only one of CHEM 001C or CHEM 01HC.

CHEM 01HA-CHEM 01HB-CHEM 01HC.
Honors General Chemistry. (4-4-5)

Lecture, three hours; laboratory, three hours. Prerequisite(s): concurrent enrollment in or completion of MATH009A or equivalent; a score of at least 620 on the quantitative SAT test; high school chemistry; or consent of instructor. A limited enrollment class in which the principles of chemistry will be covered in more depth than in CHEM001A-CHEM001B-CHEM001C. Students who have credit in CHEM001A-CHEM001B-CHEM001C will not be allowed credit in corresponding quarters of CHEM 01HA-CHEM 01HB-CHEM 01HC and vice versa.

CHEM 001W.
Preparation for General Chemistry. (3) F

Workshop, three hours. Prerequisite(s): concurrent enrollment in or completion of MATH 003 or MATH 005. For students who are not prepared or qualified for admission to CHEM 001A. Instruction and practice in concept manipulation and problem solving to prepare students to master material in CHEM 001A. Concurrent enrollment in CHEM 001A is not allowed. Not open to students who have completed CHEM 001A with a grade of "C-" or better. Counts toward the 180-unit graduation requirement for the baccalaureate degree but does not satisfy any major or college breadth requirements.

CHEM 003.
Concepts of Chemistry. (4)

Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Prerequisite(s): none. A survey of basic concepts of Chemistry. Designed for non-science majors and not as preparation for CHEM 001A or CHEM 01HA. Not open to students with credit for CHEM 001A or CHEM 01HA, but students who have completed CHEM 003 may take CHEM 001A or CHEM 01HA for full credit.

CHEM 005.
Quantitative Analysis. (5) F, Summer

Lecture, three hours; laboratory, eight hours (two four-hour periods). Prerequisite(s): CHEM 001C or CHEM 01HC with a grade of "C-" or better. Stoichiometric calculations and applications of principles of chemical equilibrium to analytical problems. Titrimetric and gravimetric laboratory procedures.

CHEM 091.
Freshman Seminar: What Chemists Do. (1)

Seminar, one hour. Explores the frontiers of chemistry (analytical, inorganic, organic, and physical) as well as the role of chemistry in allied areas such as agriculture, biology, environmental science, forensics, materials, medicine, and neuroscience. Graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC).

CHEM 097H.
Freshman Honors Project: Introduction to Research. (1-4)

Outside research, three to twelve hours. Prerequisite(s): admission to the University Honors Program. Prior arrangement with a chemistry faculty member is required. An introduction to the methods of research in chemical sciences. The student conducts an investigation under the supervision of a faculty member. A written report is required at the end of the quarter. To satisfy the requirement for the University Honors Program Freshman Project, the student must earn a minimum of 4 units during the first year. Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC) grading is not available. Course is repeatable.

UPPER-DIVISION COURSES

CHEM 109.
Survey of Physical Chemistry. (4)

Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 001C or CHEM 01HC; MATH 009B. Thermodynamics, chemical equilibrium, kinetics, quantum chemistry, atomic and molecular structure, and spectroscopy. Primarily for students with major interests in life and agricultural sciences; not recommended for chemistry majors. Not open to students with credit in CHEM 110A, CHEM 110B, and CHEM 113.

CHEM 110A.
Physical Chemistry: Chemical Thermodynamics. (4) F

Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Prerequisite(s): MATH010A (may be taken concurrently), and either PHYS002A,PHYS002B,PHYS002C or PHYS040A,PHYS040B,PHYS040C (PHYS040C may be taken concurrently); or consent of instructor. Introduction to thermodynamics with applications to chemical systems.

CHEM 110B.
Physical Chemistry: Introduction to Statistical Mechanics and Kinetics. (4) W

Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 110A or consent of instructor; prior or concurrent enrollment in MATH 010B is recommended. Statistical mechanics, kinetic molecular theory, and chemical kinetics with applications to chemical systems.

CHEM 111.
Physical Chemistry Laboratory. (4) W

Lecture, two hours; laboratory, eight hours. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 110A-CHEM 110B (CHEM 110B may be taken concurrently), or consent of instructor. CHEM 113 recommended. Physical, chemical measurements and laboratory experiments illustrating fundamental principles of physical chemistry. Modern electronic and optical measurement techniques.

CHEM 112A-CHEM 112B-CHEM 112C.
Organic Chemistry. (4-4-4) Year
(112A: F,W, Summer; 112B: W,S, Summer; 112C: F,S, Summer)

Lecture, three hours; laboratory, four hours. Prerequisite(s): CHEM001C or CHEM001HC with a grade of "C-" or better. Modern organic chemistry including structure, nomenclature, reactivity, synthesis, and reaction mechanisms and the chemistry of carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, amino acids, and proteins. Laboratory techniques of purification, isolation, synthesis, reactions, and spectroscopic analysis.

CHEM 113.
Physical Chemistry: Introduction to Quantum Chemistry. (4) S

Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 001A-CHEM 001B-CHEM 001C or CHEM 01HA-CHEM 01HB-CHEM 01HC; MATH 009C; MATH 046. Introduction to quantum mechanics with application to atomic and molecular structure and spectra.

CHEM 125.
Instrumental Methods. (3-5) W

Lecture, three hours; laboratory, eight hours. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 005; PHYS 002A-PHYS 002B-PHYS 002C or PHYS 040A-PHYS 040B-PHYS 040C (PHYS 040C may be taken concurrently) or equivalents or consent of instructor. Chromatographic separations, electrochemistry, and principles of spectroscopic techniques are presented as an introduction to instrumental methods and their use in chemistry. Graduate students may register for either lecture only (3 units) or for lecture and laboratory (5 units).

CHEM 135.
Chemistry of the Clean and Polluted Atmosphere. (4) W

Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 112A-CHEM 112B or consent of instructor; ENSC 102 recommended. Structure of the troposphere and stratosphere; formation of atmospheric ozone; tropospheric NOx chemistry; methane oxidation cycle; phase distributions of chemicals; wet and dry deposition; chemistry of volatile organic compounds; formation of photochemical air pollution; modeling of air pollution and control strategies; stratospheric ozone depletion and global warming. Cross-listed with ENSC 135 and ENTX 135.

CHEM 136.
Chemistry of Natural Waters. (4) S

Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 005 with a grade of "C-" or better or SLSC 104 with a grade of "C-" or better or consent of instructor. Introduction to processes controlling the chemical composition of natural waters. Topics include chemical equilibria, acid-base and coordination chemistry, oxidation-reduction reactions, precipitation-dissolution, air-water exchange, and use of equilibrium and kinetic models for describing marine nutrient, trace metal, and sediment chemistry. Cross-listed with ENSC 136 and ENTX 136.

CHEM 140.
Environmental Chemistry Laboratory. (4) S

Lecture, two hours; laboratory, eight hours. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 111, CHEM 125; or consent of instructor. Theory and application of chemical techniques for the analysis of environmentally relevant chemical processes. Discusses gas phase, condensed phase, surface, and particulate chemistry. Topics include "acid rain," photochemical smog, ozone depletion, and chemical analysis monitoring.

CHEM 150A.
Inorganic Chemistry. (4) F

Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 112A-CHEM 112B-CHEM 112C. A systematic introduction to the synthesis, reactions, structure, and bonding of important classes of inorganic compounds. Emphasis on non-transition metal chemistry.

CHEM 150B.
Inorganic Chemistry. (4) W

Lecture, three hours; discussion one hour. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 150A with a grade of "C-" or better. A systematic introduction to synthesis, reactions, structure and bonding of important classes of inorganic compounds. Emphasis on transition metal chemistry.

CHEM 166.
Advanced Structural and Synthetic Methods. (2 or 4) S

Lecture, two hours; laboratory, eight hours. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 112C. CHEM 125 and CHEM 150A recommended. Methods for the characterization of organic and inorganic compounds. Advanced methods of synthesis of organic and inorganic compounds such as vacuum, inert atmosphere, high-pressure, and photochemical techniques. Hands-on use of spectroscopic (nuclear magnetic resonance and optical spectroscopy and mass spectrometry) and computer-based methods for structural characterization. Non-chemistry majors and graduate students may register for lecture (2 units) or for lecture and laboratory (4 units).

CHEM 190.
Special Studies. (1-5)

To be taken with the consent of the chair of the department as a means of meeting special curricular problems.

CHEM 191.
Seminar in Chemistry Careers. (1) S

Seminar, one hour. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing. Oral reports and discussions by students, faculty, and visiting speakers. Required of chemistry majors; normally taken in the spring of the junior year. Graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC).

CHEM 197.
Research for Undergraduates. (1-4)

Prerequisite(s): sophomore or junior status and consent of instructor. An introduction to the methods of research in chemistry. The student will conduct an investigation in an area of chemistry under the supervision of a chemistry faculty member and submit a written report on his work. Total credit for 197 may not exceed 6 units. Not to be taken by seniors.

CHEM 198-I.
Individual Internship. (1-4) F,W,S, Summer

Internship, 3 to 12 hours; term paper or preparation for presentation, one to four hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing in chemistry; consent of instructor. Industrial work experience coordinated and supervised by a chemistry faculty member and an off-campus sponsor. A term paper or presentation is required. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 8 units.

CHEM 199.
Senior Research. (1-4)

Prerequisite(s): senior status and consent of instructor. Research in chemistry under the supervision of a faculty member in chemistry. The student will submit a written report on his work. Total credit for CHEM 199 and/or CHEM 199H may not exceed 9 units.

CHEM 199H.
Senior Honors Research. (1-5)

Prerequisite(s): senior status and consent of instructor; an average grade of B or higher in chemistry courses and in all university course work. Research in chemistry under the supervision of faculty member in chemistry. The student will submit a written report on his work. Total credit for CHEM 199 and/or CHEM 199H may not exceed 9 units.

GRADUATE COURSES  

CHEM 201A-CHEM 201B-CHEM 201C-CHEM 201D-CHEM 201E.
Advanced Physical Chemistry. (3-3-3-3-3)

Lecture, three hours. Prerequisite(s): for CHEM 201A-CHEM 201B: a grade of "C" or better in CHEM 113; for CHEM 201C-CHEM 201D-CHEM 201E: CHEM 110A, CHEM 110B. Selected topics in modern physical chemistry, including quantum mechanics, spectroscopy, elementary statistical mechanics, thermodynamics, and chemical kinetics.

CHEM 204.
Intermediate Molecular Spectroscopy. (3)

Lecture, three hours. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 113 or equivalent. Spectroscopic applications of basic quantum chemistry, including selected topics from electronic spectroscopy of atoms and molecules; vibrational, rotational, and Raman spectroscopy; coherent and multiphoton laser spectroscopies; and time-domain spectroscopies.

CHEM 205.
Chemical Quantum Mechanics. (3)

Lecture, three hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. The elements of quantum mechanics with particular emphasis on chemical problems.

CHEM 206.
Chemical Statistical Mechanics. (3)

Lecture, three hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. The fundamentals of statistical mechanics and selected topics of current physical-chemical interest.

CHEM 207.
Chemical Group Theory. (3)

Lecture, three hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. The principles of group theory and molecular symmetry. Applications in several areas of chemistry.

CHEM 209 (E-Z).
Advanced Topics in Physical Chemistry. (2-3)

Lecture, two hours (2 units) or three hours (3 units). Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. Additional prerequisites are required for some segments of this course; see Department. Selected advanced topics from modern physical chemistry.

CHEM 211A-CHEM 211B-CHEM 211C.
Advanced Organic Chemistry. (3-3-3)

Lecture, three hours. Prerequisites: CHEM113, CHEM112C. Structural, mechanistic and synthetic organic chemistry with intensive emphasis on more advanced aspects of the field.

CHEM 215A-CHEM 215B.
Organic Synthesis. (3-3)

Lecture, three hours. Prerequisite(s): CHEM211A-CHEM211B-CHEM211C. An advanced treatment of synthetic organic chemistry. CHEM215A is not a prerequisite to CHEM215B.

CHEM 216A-CHEM 216B.
Physical Organic Chemistry. (3-3)

Lecture, three hours. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 211A-CHEM 211B-CHEM 211C. An advanced treatment of physical organic chemistry.

CHEM 219 (E-Z).
Advanced Topics in Organic Chemistry. (2-3)

Lecture, two hours (2 units) or three hours (3 units). Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. Selected advanced topics from modern organic chemistry. The contents of these courses will vary. Course may be repeated with different topic (and different letter).

CHEM 221A-CHEM 221B-CHEM 221C-CHEM 221D-CHEM 221E.
Advanced Analytical Chemistry. (3-3-3-3-3)

Lecture, three hours. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 125. Topics include CHEM-221A: Separation Science; CHEM 221B: Optical Spectroscopy; CHEM 221C: Chemical Instrumentation; CHEM 221D: Electrochemistry; CHEM 221E: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Mass Spectroscopy. '

CHEM 229 (E-Z).
Advanced Topics in Analytical Chemistry. (2-3)

Lecture, two hours (2 units) or three hours (3 units). Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. Selected advanced topics from modern analytical chemistry. The contents of these courses will vary. Course may be repeated with different topic (and different letter).

CHEM 231.
Advanced Inorganic Chemistry. (3)

Lecture, three hours. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 150B. Coordination and organometallic chemistry of the transition metal elements. An in-depth treatment of reaction mechanisms, synthetic principles, stereochemical features, and metal ion catalysis.

CHEM 239 (E-Z).
Advanced Topics in Inorganic Chemistry. (2-3)

Lecture, two hours (2 units) or three hours (3 units). Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. Selected advanced topics from modern inorganic chemistry. The contents of these courses will vary. Course may be repeated with different topic (and different letter).

CHEM 241.
Bioorganic Chemistry. (3)

Lecture, three hours. Prerequisite(s): BCH 100 or BCH 110A; BCH 184 or CHEM 110B; CHEM 112A-CHEM 112B-CHEM 112C; graduate standing or consent of instructor. Biochemical reactions discussed from a chemical standpoint, including reactions associated with bioenergetics, biosynthesis, and enzyme catalysis. Emphasis on reaction mechanisms. Cross-listed with BCH 241.

CHEM 244.
Airborne Toxic Chemicals. (3)

Lecture, three hours. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 109 or CHEM 110A, and CHEM 110B, CHEM 135/ENSC 135/ ENTX 135; or consent of instructor. Atmospheric chemistry of airborne chemicals. Intermedia partitioning. Structure of the atmosphere. Gas-particle distributions of chemicals, and wet and dry deposition of gases and particles. Atmospheric reactions of organic compounds, with emphasis on toxics. Theoretical and experimental methods for determination of atmospheric lifetimes and products of chemicals. Cross-listed with ENTX 244.

CHEM 245.
Chemistry and Physics of Aerosols. (3)

Lecture, three hours. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 109, CHEM 110B; or consent of instructor. Fundamentals of chemical and physical processes controlling behavior and properties of airborne particles. Topics include particle mechanics; electrical, optical, and thermodynamic properties; nucleation; surface and aqueous-phase chemistry; gas particle partitioning; sampling; size and chemical analysis; atmospheric aerosols; and environmental effects. Cross-listed with ENTX 245 and SLSC 245.

CHEM 246.
Fate and Transport of Chemicals in the Environment. (4)

Prerequisite(s): CHEM 109 or CHEM 110B; CHEM 112A-CHEM 112B-CHEM 112C; or consent of instructor. Identification of toxicants and their sources in the environment; equilibrium partitioning of chemicals in the environment (between air, water, soil, sediment, and biota) using physico-chemical properties; transport and chemical transformations of chemical compounds in air, water, and soil media. Includes case studies of fate and transport of selected toxic chemicals. Cross-listed with ENTX 200.

CHEM 250.
Graduate Seminar in Chemistry. (1)

Seminar, one hour. Prerequisite(s): graduate student status. Oral reports by graduate students, faculty, and visiting scholars on current research topics in chemistry. The course will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable.

CHEM 251.
Graduate Seminar in Analytical Chemistry. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate student status. Oral reports and discussion by students, faculty, and visiting scholars on current research topics in analytical chemistry. The course is offered each quarter. Letter grades will be assigned to students presenting formal seminars; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable.

CHEM 252.
Graduate Seminar in Inorganic Chemistry. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate student status. Oral reports and discussion by students, faculty, and visiting scholars on current research topics in inorganic chemistry. Letter grades will be assigned to students presenting formal seminars; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable.

CHEM 253.
Graduate Seminar in Organic Chemistry. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate student status. Oral reports and discussion by students, faculty, and visiting scholars on current research topics in organic chemistry. Letter grades will be assigned to students presenting formal seminars; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable.

CHEM 254.
Graduate Seminar in Physical Chemistry. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate student status. Oral reports and discussion by students, faculty, and visiting scholars on current research topics in physical chemistry. The course is offered each quarter. Letter grades will be assigned to students presenting formal seminars; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable.

CHEM 257.
Environmental Chemistry Seminar. (1)

Prerequisite(s): graduate standing in Chemistry or Soil Science. Oral presentations by visiting scholars and UCR faculty on current research topics in environmental chemistry, environmental sciences, and environmental toxicology. Graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable. Cross-listed with SLSC 257.

CHEM 260.
Analysis of Single Cells and Subcellular Organelles. (2)

F,W,S Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Focuses on the study of individual biological entities and biochemical processes at the cellular and subcellular levels. Special emphasis is placed on the use of capillary electrophoresis (separation parameters and detectors) for cellular analysis. Other topics include microscopy, cell culture, biochemistry, instrumentation design, and laser micromanipulators, as they related to single cells and single organelles. Letter grades are assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; other students are graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC) based on seminar participation. Lillard.

CHEM 262.
Ultrafast Dynamics in Condensed Matter. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. The extremely fast relaxation and dephasing of nuclear (vibrational) and electronic excitations in condensed matter are probed by the use of coherent spectroscopy using (sub-picosecond) light pulses. Decay mechanisms are studied by making spectroscopic measurements at cryogenic temperatures (approximately 1K) and at various high pressures (greater than 100 Kbar). Letter grades will be assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). May be repeated for credit. Chronister.

CHEM 263.
Synthesis of Novel Molecules. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. Study of the asymmetric synthesis of novel molecules with emphasis on the mechanism and design of enantioselective reactions. Letter grades will be assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). May be repeated for credit. Angle.

CHEM 265.
Raman Spectroscopy of Biological Systems. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Applications of Raman spectroscopy to the characterization of the structure and function of biological membranes and membrane proteins. Emphasis will be placed on resonance enhanced Raman scattering, including the theoretical origins of resonance enhancement. Letter grades will be assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable. Bocian.

CHEM 266.
Chemical Microsensors for In Situ Measurements. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. The development and characterization of novel chemical microsensors. Analytical properties such as time response selectivity and sensitivity will be investigated and optimized for use in the measurement of dynamic chemical events in situ in the mammalian brain. Letter grades will be assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable. Kuhr.

CHEM 268.
Organometallics in Organic Synthesis. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. Synthesis and reactions of organometallic compounds with emphasis on development of new organic reactions. Letter grades will be assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). May be repeated for credit. Midland.

CHEM 269.
High Pressure Chemistry. (2)

Lecture, one hour; discussion, one hour. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. Effects of pressure on chemical reactions. Discussion of theory and experimental results. Emphasis on studies of organic reactions in solution. Letter grades will be assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). May be repeated for credit. Neuman.

CHEM 270.
Synthesis of Molecules of Biological and Theoretical Interest. (2)

Lecture, two hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. Synthesis, reactions, and properties of molecules of naturally occurring substances (e.g., vitamin D, retinal and other natural products) and molecules of theoretical interest (e.g., non-benzenoid aromatics, etc.). Discussions of modern synthetic approaches, reaction mechanisms and structure-activity relationships. Letter grades will be assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). May be repeated for credit. Okamura.

CHEM 271.
Design, Synthesis, and Applications of Highly Conjugated Organic Systems. (2)

Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Focuses on the design and synthesis of highly conjugated organic molecules and polymers for application in molecule-based devices such as sensors, light emitting diodes, and conductors. Letter grades are assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; other students are graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable. Marsella.

CHEM 272.
Characterization of Atmospheric Aerosol Systems. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. The development of instrumentation for the detection of individual atmospheric aerosol particles in-situ. Emphasis on characterizing the chemistry of aerosol systems as a function of size and composition. Letter grades will be assigned to students who submit a term paper or present a seminar; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable. Prather.

CHEM 273.
Bioanalytical Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. Development of Pulse Fourier transform NMR techniques and their application to the characterization of peptides, proteins and intact cells. Letter grades will be assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). May be repeated for credit. Rabenstein.

CHEM 274.
Metal-Carbon Bond Synthesis. (2)

Lecture, one hour; discussion, one hour. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. Techniques of metal-carbon bond synthesis. Reactions of metal-carbon systems. Characterization of metal-carbon systems, especially by nuclear magnetic resonance. Letter grades will be assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). May be repeated for credit. Rettig.

CHEM 275.
Bioorganic Chemistry of Nucleic Acids. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. The design, synthesis, and evaluation of nucleotides with novel hydrogen-bonding capabilities as well as ogligonucleotides capable of regulating gene expression. Discussion of ribonucleic acid catalysis, including possible catalytic functions that have not yet been determined. Letter grades will be assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable. Switzer.

CHEM 276.
Enantioselective Homogeneous Catalysis. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Design and preparation of novel inorganic and organometallic compounds with applications to catalyst development, to novel catalytic processes, and to synthesis of organometallic materials. Discussions of current publications on homogeneous catalysis and reaction mechanisms. Focus on frontiers in catalysis in the overall context of synthetic methodologies. Letter grades are assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; other students are graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Hollis.

CHEM 277.
Surface Chemistry. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. Discussions for new advances in surface science, concentrating mainly on the use of molecular level. Letter grades will be assigned to students who present a paper; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). May be repeated for credit. Zaera.

CHEM 278.
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: Theory, Techniques, and Applications. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Focuses on the development of solid-state and liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) as a probe of molecular structure, function, and dynamics with applications that range from chemistry to physics and biology. Letters grades are assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; other students are graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC) based on seminar participation. Course is repeatable. Mueller.

CHEM 279.
Molecular Spectroscopy. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. Properties of excited states of molecules. Molecular photophysics and photochemistry. Theory of radiationless transitions. Kinetics and mechanism of excited state decay. Laser spectroscopy. Letter grades will be assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). May be repeated for credit. Scott.

CHEM 280.
Chemistry and Biochemistry of Gaseous Molecules. (2)

Lecture, one hour; discussion, one hour. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. Reactions and properties of organic compounds and ions in the absence of bulk media. Preparative mass spectrometry and ion-molecule reactions. Molecular mechanisms in the sense of smell. Letter grades will be assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). May be repeated for credit. Morton.

CHEM 281.
Computer-Assisted Chemical Analysis. (2)

Seminar, one hour; discussion, one hour. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. Laboratory and large scale computer techniques applied to instrumental analysis methods. Computer-aided data interpretation, pattern recognition and search techniques. Fourier transform, mass spectrometry, infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance. Letter grades will be assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). May be repeated for credit. Wilkins.

CHEM 282.
Elementary Processes in Atmospheric Chemistry. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Applies state-of-the-art laser techniques to investigate elementary processes in atmospheric chemistry. Emphasis is quantitative understandings of atmospheric free-radical intermediates, their photochemistry, and their reaction mechanisms. Letter grades are assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; other students are graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable. Zhang.

CHEM 284.
Bilayer-Assisted Spectral Analysis. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. The development, characterization, and application of membrane models to multiparametric spectroscopy of pharmaceuticals. Chemometric analysis of 2D NMR and 2D fluorescence measurements of solute/bilayer systems will be emphasized. Letter grades will be assigned to students who present a seminar or submit a term paper; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable. Neal.

CHEM 287.
Colloquium in Neuroscience. (1)

Colloquium, one hour. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Oral reports on current research topics in neuroscience with presentations by visiting scholars, faculty, and students. Graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable. Cross-listed with BCH 287, BIOL 287, BMSC 287, ENTM 287, NRSC 287, and PSYC 287. Hatton in charge.

CHEM 289.
Special Topics in Neuroscience. (2)

Seminar, two hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. An interdisciplinary seminar consisting of student presentations and discussion of selected topics in neuroscience. Content and instructor(s) vary each time course offered. Letter grades will be assigned to students presenting formal seminars; others will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable. Cross-listed with BCH 289, BIOL 289, BMSC 289, ENTM 289, NRSC 289, and PSYC 289. Hatton in charge.

CHEM 297.
Directed Research. (1-6)

Prerequisite(s): consent of a staff member. Research in analytical, inorganic, organic, or physical chemistry under the direction of a member of the staff. A written report is required of the research study. Course will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC).

CHEM 299.
Research for Thesis or Dissertation. (1-12)

Prerequisite(s): consent of a staff member. Research in analytical, inorganic, organic, or physical chemistry under the direction of a member of the staff. This research is to be included as part of the dissertation. Course will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable.

PROFESSIONAL COURSES

CHEM 301.
Oral Presentations in Chemistry. (1)

Lecture, one hour. The technique of oral presentation, emphasizing the problems that arise in chemistry laboratory and classroom situations. Designed primarily for new graduate students in the Chemistry Department. The course will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC).

CHEM 302.
Teaching Practicum. (1-2)

Lecture/laboratory, four to eight hours. Prerequisite(s): Limited to Chemistry Department teaching assistants, and associates in Chemistry. Supervised teaching in undergraduate courses in Chemistry. May be repeated for credit. Units are not applicable to degree unit requirements. The course will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC).

CHEM 403.
Special Techniques in Chemical Research. (1)

Lecture, one hour. Prerequisite(s): graduate status and consent of instructor. The course will cover special techniques including spectroscopy, electronics, etc. used in chemical research. The course will be graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC) and may be repeated for credit.