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History

Subject abbreviations: HISA, HISE, HIST
College of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences

Robert W. Patch, Ph.D., Chair
Department Office, 1212 Humanities and Social Sciences
(951) 827-5401; history.ucr.edu

Faculty E-mails

Professors
Kenneth D. Barkin, Ph.D.
Thomas Cogswell, Ph.D.
Piotr S. Górecki, Ph.D.
Ray A. Kea, Ph.D.
Dale V. Kent, Ph.D.
Georg B. Michels, Ph.D.
Robert W. Patch, Ph.D.
Roger L. Ransom, Ph.D.
Francesca R. Rochberg, Ph.D.
Michele R. Salzman, Ph.D.
Clifford E. Trafzer, Ph.D.

Professors Emeriti
Hal Bridges, Ph.D.
Carlos E. Cortés, Ph.D.
Edwin S. Gaustad, Ph.D. (History/Religious Studies)
Nathan G. Hale, Jr., Ph.D.
Robert V. Hine, Jr., Ph.D.
James B. Parsons, Jr., Ph.D.
Van L. Perkins, Ph.D.
Norman Ravitch, Ph.D.
Henry L. Snyder, Ph.D.
P. Sterling Stuckey, Ph.D.
Mack E. Thompson, Ph.D.
Ronald C. Tobey, Ph.D.
Irwin M. Wall, Ph.D.
Charles Wetherell, Ph.D.

Associate Professors
Catherine Allgor, Ph.D.
Lynda S. Bell, Ph.D.
James P. Brennan, Ph.D.
Lucille Chia, Ph.D.
Ann E. Goldberg, Ph.D.
Randolph C. Head, Ph.D.
Rebecca Kugel, Ph.D.
Brian D. Lloyd, Ph.D.
Kiril Tomoff, Ph.D.
Devra A. Weber, Ph.D.

Assistant Professors
David A. Biggs, Ph.D.
Catherine Gudis, Ph.D.
Juliette Levy, Ph.D.
Molly McGarry, Ph.D.
Dana Simmons, Ph.D.
**
Lecturer Emeritus
Robert B. Herschler, M.A.

Adjunct Professor
Larry E. Burgess, Ph.D.

Cooperating Faculty
Ralph L. Crowder, Ph.D. (Ethnic Studies)
Richard C. Sutch, Ph.D. (Economics)

Majors

History plays a central role in general education for all undergraduate students. History stresses an understanding of changes that take place in society over time. It also provides a meaning to the past that has many implications for the future. Since we learn from experience, through history we can greatly broaden our learning through the experience of others, removed in time and distant in space from our immediate world. The study of history is as useful as it is fascinating. History majors develop an ability to communicate well, both orally and in writing, and the capacity to think clearly and analytically. Whatever one’s goals, it makes good sense to include history in any degree program.

The History Department offers B.A. degrees in History, in History/Administrative Studies, and in History/Law and Society.

Career Opportunities

Many students planning graduate work find history an excellent preparation for professional schools such as law and business administration. For those planning a legal career, a strong background in Western institutions and values can be obtained in a variety of courses in the department. Those planning a career in public school teaching should be aware that the department’s program has been officially approved for the secondary (single-subject) credential program, which exempts graduates from the statewide examination required in this field. And, of course, a major in history prepares the student for graduate study in this field as well as a broad range of general careers in business, government work and foreign affairs that ask for written and verbal skills developed in the major.

History/Administrative Studies Major

The History/Administrative Studies major is designed to combine the discipline of History, with its emphasis on changes in society over time, with the study of administrative behavior, the development of public policy, and the tools of decision making. The addition of an Administrative Studies component provides History majors with analytical administrative skills as well as familiarity with the theories and policies of public administration. The concepts of organizational behavior and decision making, when combined with the perspectives provided through the History major, ought to be of particular value to those planning to enter careers in business; federal, state, or local levels of public or private administration; government work or to those planning to attend a professional school of administration or to those utilizing the major in a variety of positions in the public or private sector. (See also the Public History Program, which outlines public sector careers in History.)

History/Law and Society Major

The History/Law and Society major is designed to offer students the opportunity to combine the study of history, with its emphasis on the changes over time in society, politics, the economy, and culture, with the study of legal and law-like relationships and institutions. The coherent series of courses included in this major ought to be of particular value to those intending to study law or to enter other graduate fields as well as to those planning professional careers in government, public administration, business, or other areas where the relationship between history and the law is of significance.

University Requirements

See Undergraduate Studies section.

College Requirements

See College of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences, Colleges and Programs section.

Major Requirements

The History Department offers B.A. degrees in History, History/Administrative Studies, and History/Law and Society.

History Major

To receive a B.A. degree in History, students must take 48 units (twelve courses). At least 8 units (two courses) must be at the lower-division level; at least 36 units (nine courses) must be at the upper-division level.

Majors must take:

1.    At least one World History course and at least one other lower-division course

2.    At least four courses in one of the following areas of concentration, including a seminar (HIST 191 [E-Z]):

Ancient and Medieval

Europe

United States

Latin America

Asia and Africa

    The seminar HIST 191 (E-Z) is required and must be taken in the student’s area of concentration.

3.    At least four courses in at least three other of the above fields.

Students who choose United States as their area of concentration are strongly advised to take HIST 017A, HIST 017B as preparation for upper-division courses in American history.

Lower-division courses taken elsewhere may be counted toward the lower-division requirement, and advance placement units earned in high school may count toward its fulfillment as well. Please consult with the student affairs officer for further details.

Each History major is urged to consult with the student affairs officer for quarterly advising and to meet with the Undergraduate Advisor at least one time each year. Appointments can be made through the student affairs officer.

History/Administrative Studies Major

The major requirements for the B.A. degree in History/Administrative Studies are as follows:

History requirements (48 units): All requirements for the B.A. in History

Administrative Studies requirements (37 units)

1.    Lower-division courses (17 units)

    a)    BUS 010, BSAD 020A

    b)    STAT 048 or equivalent (may be used to satisfy breadth requirements)

    c)    CS 008 (may be used to satisfy breadth requirements)

2.    Upper-division requirements (20 units)

    a)    Two courses (8 units) from the list below:

        (1)    ECON 102A or ECON 130 or ECON 162/BSAD 162

        (2)    PSYC 140 or PSYC 142

        (3)    SOC 150 or SOC 151 or SOC 171

        (4)    POSC 181 or POSC 182 or POSC 183

        (5)    ANTH 127 or ANTH 131

    These two courses must be outside the discipline of History and cannot be courses included as part of the three-course Business Administration track or their cross-listed equivalents.

    b)    A three-course track (12 units) in Business Administration courses from one of the following:

        (1)    Organizations (General): BSAD 176/SOC 176, BUS 158/ANTH 105, SOC 150, SOC 151

        (2)    Human Resources Management/Labor Relations: BUS 152/ECON 152, BUS 153/ECON 153, BUS 155, BUS 157, PSYC 142

        (3)    Business and Society: BUS 102, PHIL 116, POSC 182, POSC 186

        (4)    Marketing: BUS 103, and two from BUS 112, BUS 113, BUS 114, BUS 117

        (5)    Managerial Accounting/Taxation: BUS 108, and two from BUS 166, BUS 168A, BUS 168B

        (6)    Financial Accounting: BUS 108, BUS 165A, BUS 165B

        (7)    Finance: BUS 106/ECON 134 and two from BUS 135A, BUS 136, BUS 137, BUS 138, BUS 139

        (8)    Management Information Systems: BUS 101, BUS 171, BUS 173

        (9)    Production Management: BUS 104/STAT 104, and two from BUS 105, BUS 122, BUS 127/STAT 127

Note In filling the dual requirements of the selected major, students may not count more than two courses toward both parts of their total requirements (History requirements and Administrative Studies requirements).

History/Law and Society Major

The major requirements for the B.A. degree in History/Law and Society are as follows:

1.    History requirements (48 units): All requirements for the B.A. in History

2.    Law and Society requirements (36 units)

    a)    PHIL 007 or PHIL 007H

    b)    LWSO 100

    c)    One course chosen from ECON 111, POSC 114, PSYC 012, SOC 004 (or equivalent course in research methods)

    d)    Three courses chosen from ANTH 127, ECON 119, HISE 153, PHIL 165, POSC 167, PSYC 175, SOC 159

    e)    Two courses chosen from ENSC 174, HISA 120A, HISA 120B, HISE 123, LWSO 175 (E-Z), PHIL 164, POSC 111, POSC 166, POSC 168, POSC 186, SOC 147, SOC 149, SOC 180

    f)    LWSO 193, Senior Seminar

Note For sections 2.d) and 2.e) combined, not more than two courses may be taken from the same department. In filling the dual requirements of the major, students may not count more than two courses toward both parts of their total requirements (History requirements and Law and Society requirements). The History courses that may fill the dual requirements include HISE 153 (History of the Common Law), and HISA 120A and HISA 120B (The Supreme Court and the Constitution).

Minor

The History Department also offers a minor in History. In order to receive a minor, students must take 28 units (seven courses), including

1.    At least one World History course and at least one other lower-division course.

2.    At least three courses in one of the following areas of concentration, including a seminar (HIST 191 [E-Z]):

Ancient and Medieval

Europe

United States

Latin America

Asia and Africa

History of Science and Technology

    Please note that the seminar HIST 191 (E-Z) is required and must be taken in the student’s area of concentration.

3.    At least two courses from two of the above fields, one in each.

Students who choose United States as their area of concentration are strongly advised to take HIST 017A, HIST 017B as preparation for upper-division courses in American history.

Lower-division courses taken elsewhere may be counted toward the lower-division requirement, and advance placement units earned in high school may count toward its fulfillment as well. Please consult with the student affairs officer for further details.

Students undertaking a minor in History are urged to consult with the student affairs officer for quarterly advising and meet with the undergraduate advisor at least once a year. Appointments can be made through the student affairs officer.

See Minors under the College of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences in the Colleges and Programs section of this catalog for additional information on minors.

Recommended Prelaw Courses

The History major has long been considered as an ideal major for students planning to study law since it meets the three goals that law schools recommend for undergraduate applicants:

1.    That they achieve an understanding of the development of social, political, and economic institutions

2.    That they develop an ability to communicate well, both orally and in writing

3.    That they possess the capacity to think clearly and analytically.

The History Department especially recommends the following upper-division courses to prelaw students:

HISE 150 (Ancient/Medieval England)

HISE 153 (History of the Common Law)

HISA 120A, HISA 120B (The Supreme Court and the Constitution)

Education Abroad Program

EAP is an excellent opportunity to travel and learn more about another country and its culture while taking courses to earn units toward graduation. Students should plan study abroad well in advance to ensure that the courses taken fit with their overall program at UCR. Consult the departmental student affairs officer for assistance. For further details visit UCR’s International Services Center at internationalcenter.ucr.edu or call (951) 827-4113.

See Education Abroad Program under International Services Center in the Student Services section of this catalog. A list of participating countries is found under Education Abroad Program in the Programs and Courses section. Search for programs by specific areas at eap.ucop.edu/programwizard.

Graduate Program

The Department of History offers the M.A. in History, the M.A. in History through the public history program, and the Ph.D. in History.

Admission The department accepts admissions applications from students intending to earn each of these degrees. Applications for admission to the graduate programs in History are normally accepted for the fall quarter only. Scores for the aptitude sections of the GRE are required of all applicants, and applicants must submit a writing sample. Students entering the Ph.D. program without an M.A. may also earn the M.A. in History, as described below. Students admitted to one of the M.A. programs may later request admission to the Ph.D. program.

Entering students choose a faculty advisor, who works closely with the graduate advisor in approving the student's course of study. Detailed rules for each program are contained in the departmental protocols.

Master's Degree

The Department of History offers three programs of study leading to the M.A. degree: the Regular Program (Plan I and Plan II) and the Public History Program.

Regular Program (M.A.)

Students seeking the M.A. degree choose a field of specialization from the list below, and follow one of two plans:

Plan I (Thesis) Candidates must complete 40 units of required course work beyond the baccalaureate, 36 of which much be at the graduate level. The student's curriculum must include the following:

1.    At least one course in historical theory and methods

2.    At least one two-quarter research seminar, preferably in the student's area of specialization

3.    At least 4 units in courses outside the student's area of specialization

4.    Twelve (12) units of thesis preparation, HIST 299

The purpose of the additional required course work is to prepare the student for examinations, and should include relevant Materials courses. See below for areas of specialization and language requirement.

Students prepare a substantial M.A. thesis. Candidates must pass an oral examination discussing the thesis and future research agenda. The thesis and orals committee consists of three faculty members.

Plan II (Comprehensive Examination) Candidates must complete 40 units of required course work beyond the baccalaureate, 32 of which must be at the graduate level. The curriculum must include the following:

1.    At least one course in historical theory and methods

2.    At least one two-quarter research seminar, preferably in the student's area of specialization

3.    At least 16 units in courses outside the student's area of specialization

The purpose of the additional required course work is to prepare the student for examinations, and should include relevant Materials courses. See below for areas of specialization and language requirement.

Candidates prepare a portfolio selected by the student and advisor, and must pass a comprehensive oral examination based on the submitted material. The examination committee consists of two faculty members.

Areas of Specialization

1.    United States

2.    Native American

3.    Ancient Mediterranean

4.    European, with concentration in either Early Modern Europe, Modern Europe, Britain, or Russia

5.    Latin American

Language Requirement Candidates must demonstrate an ability to read one foreign language.

Public History Program (M.A.)

This program provides education in history as well as technical training for historical careers in archives, historic preservation, museums, and other positions in the public sector.

Admission Applicants must have either the B.A. in History or the baccalaureate in another field and be able to demonstrate a satisfactory knowledge of history.

Students prepare in three areas:

1.    A historical field, in which the student is trained in academic research and historiography

2.    A professional specialty: archival management, historic preservation, or museum curatorship

3.    A subspecialty, consisting of courses related to the professional specialty

Course Work Candidates must complete a minimum of 40 units of courses as follows:

1.    One two-quarter graduate history research seminar.

2.    Two History courses chosen from HIST 200–250 and 254.

3.    HIST 260, HIST 262, or HIST 263, chosen according to the student’s subspecialty. The accompanying practicum must also be taken if offered.

4.    Four upper-division undergraduate or graduate courses related to the subspecialty. Two should be outside the History department; additional courses outside the department require approval of the Public History advisor.

5. Four units of HIST 290 while writing the internship field report.

All students must also complete HIST 398-I and HIST 402, which do not count toward the 40-unit requirement.

Internship The candidate must complete a ten-week internship, coincident with an academic quarter or summer session, at a cooperating institution, for training under professional supervision in a field of the candidate’s choice. The internship is registered with a History Department faculty advisor as HIST 398-I. The internship requires a written field report.

When the candidate’s advisor and the Committee on Public History judge that an additional skill, particularly in the subspecialty, is needed, then a defined level of competency in that skill is required for the degree.

Oral Examination Candidates must pass two-part oral examination: one part on the field-report-in-progress and a second part on the candidate’s field of history and subspecialty.

Normative time to degree 6 quarters. M.A. students who wish to transfer to the Ph.D. program must apply for a sixth-quarter review as described in the Ph.D. program. No student may enroll in these M.A. programs for more than 9 quarters.

Doctoral Degree

The Department of History offers the Ph.D. in History. The Ph.D. program in History prepares graduates for careers as university teachers, public historians, and professional researchers and analysts.

Admission Students may prepare for entry into the Ph.D. program by earning a B.A. or an M.A. degree in History or by earning a degree in a closely related field that involves significant study of history. Students holding a degree in another field are evaluated by the graduate studies committee on a case-by-case basis to determine the level of the graduate program at which they should commence their studies.

Course Work Candidates for the Ph.D. degree entering with a baccalaureate degree complete a minimum of 56 units of required course work, 44 of which must be at the graduate level. Students who enter with an M.A. degree complete a minimum of 28 units, 20 of which must be at the graduate level, and may be able to waive certain course requirements listed below. The student's curriculum during the entire graduate career must include the following:

1.    At least two two-quarter graduate research seminars

2.    At least two graduate-level courses in theory and methods

3.    At least three Materials courses or equivalent courses, chosen from the student's fields

4.    At least three courses approved by the graduate advisor for the teaching field requirement, of which two must be at the graduate level

All Ph.D. students must also complete HIST 301. Students whose research or complementary field is Public History must complete HIST 402. These courses do not count towards unit requirements.

Courses should be chosen in consultation with the student's faculty advisor and the graduate advisor; suitable courses are described in the departmental protocols. HIST 290 may be used towards the specific requirements above only with the permission of the graduate advisor.

Ph.D. Fields Students prepare three fields: a research field, a complementary field, and a teaching field. The research fields that the department offers are listed below; complementary and teaching fields may be chosen from among the research fields or from the list of additional fields. In special cases, students may petition to replace the complementary field with a custom field designed by the student in consultation with two faculty members who agree to administer the written examination in the field. Students may not offer three fields that all deal with a single country or region.

Research Fields:
Early America
Nineteenth-Century United States
Twentieth-Century United States
American West
Native American History
Ancient Mediterranean
Early Modern Europe
Modern Europe
Early Modern England
Modern England
Modern Russia
Colonial Latin America
Modern Latin America
Public History
Additional Fields
Early Modern World History
Modern World History
Gender History

Sixth-Quarter Review All Ph.D. students undergo a comprehensive review no later than the sixth quarter of enrollment in the program, based on a portfolio selected by the student and advisor. The graduate studies committee reviews the student's record and makes one of the following recommendations: proceed, hold, or terminate. Students receiving a hold may reapply once, within three quarters. Students receiving a terminate may continue enrolling for no more than three quarters to complete MA requirements.

Only under extraordinary circumstances may a student continue enrolling for more than 9 quarters (including enrollment while an M.A. student at UCR) without permission to proceed to examinations.

M.A. in History degree for Ph.D. Students

Students enrolled in the Ph.D. program may apply for the M.A. degree in History once they have completed the requirements for the degree.

Requirements for completing the Ph.D. degree 

Examinations Students are examined in their research and complementary fields by written examinations and at the Ph.D. oral examination. To take the Ph.D. oral qualifying examination, the student must submit a preliminary draft of the dissertation proposal. The teaching field is satisfied by course work.

Language Requirement Students must demonstrate reading proficiency in at least one language other than English. In certain research fields, students may be required to demonstrate a higher level of proficiency or to demonstrate proficiency in additional languages. Consult the departmental protocols for specific requirements.

Candidacy Students advance to candidacy after completing all examinations, the teaching field, and the language requirement. By the end of the following academic quarter, each student must submit to the graduate study committee a dissertation proposal approved by the student's faculty advisor.

Dissertation Candidates must submit a dissertation that demonstrates scholarly, original, and independent investigation of a subject in the student's research field chosen with the advice and approval of the dissertation committee.

Normative Time to Degree 17 quarters (including M.A. work).

History

Lower-Division Courses

The History Department offers these lower-division courses for the benefit of the entire campus, not specifically for History majors. HIST 010, HIST 015, HIST 017A, HIST 017B, and HIST 020 are appropriate preparation for upper-division work in the department.

HIST 001. The Historian as Detective (4) Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour. Introduces several approaches to the methods and processes historians use to reach conclusions about the past. Provides the student with an opportunity to work creatively with historical materials and become the historian as detective. Topics vary and are listed in the Schedule of Classes. Course is repeatable as topics change.

HIST 004. Introduction to Chicano History (4) Lecture, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. The historical heritage of the Chicano from Spanish and Indian origins to the Chicano movement, with emphasis on the period since 1845. Cross-listed with ETST 004.

HIST 010. World History: Prehistory to 1500 (4) Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): none. A comparative introduction to the development of cultures in Europe, the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Topics covered are the origins of world civilizations; the classical world, or bronze age, from a global perspective; and the evolution of complex political systems throughout the medieval world. Includes a comparative discussion of world religions, West and East. Credit is awarded for only one of HIST 010 or HIST 010H.

HIST 010H. Honors World History: Prehistory to 1500 (4) Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): admission to the University Honors Program or consent of instructor. Honors course corresponding to HIST 010. A comparative introduction to the development of cultures in Europe, the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Topics covered are the origins of world civilizations; the classical world, or bronze age, from a global perspective; and the evolution of complex political systems throughout the medieval world. Includes a comparative discussion of world religions, West and East. Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC) grading is not available. Credit is awarded for only one of HIST 010 or HIST 010H.

HIST 015. World History: 1500 to 1900 (4) Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): none. Emphasis on the unique characteristics of world cultures as they entered into a critical period of increasing interaction, a process that led to the shaping of the modern world order. Specific themes include religious, economic, and political revolution; the development of modern science; continuity and change in agrarian societies; industrialism; imperialism; and changes in the patterns of everyday life. Credit is awarded for only one of HIST 015 or HIST 015H.

HIST 015H. Honors World History: 1500 to 1900 (4) Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): admission to the University Honors Program or consent of instructor. Honors course corresponding to HIST 015. Emphasis on the unique characteristics of world cultures as they entered into a critical period of increasing interaction, a process that led to the shaping of the modern world order. Specific themes include religious, economic, and political revolution; the development of modern science; continuity and change in agrarian societies; industrialism; imperialism; and changes in the patterns of everyday life. Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC) grading is not available. Credit is awarded for only one of HIST 015 or HIST 015H. 00

HIST 017A. Introduction to United States History (4) Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): none. An introduction to the major themes and issues in the history of the United States from colonialization to the middle of the nineteenth century.

HIST 017B. Introduction to United States History (4) Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): none. An introduction to the major themes and issues in the history of the United States from the middle of the nineteenth century to the present.

HIST 020. World History: Twentieth Century (4) Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): none. An introduction to world cultures, political systems, war, and revolution in the twentieth century. Topics include the rise and fall of the superpowers, colonization and decolonization, boom and bust, fascism and communism, world wars, and contemporary history. Credit is awarded for only one of HIST 020 or HIST 020H.

HIST 020H. Honors World History: Twentieth Century (4) Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): admission to the University Honors Program or consent of instructor. Honors course corresponding to HIST 020. An introduction to world cultures, political systems, war, and revolution in the twentieth century. Topics include the rise and fall of the superpowers, colonization and decolonization, boom and bust, fascism and communism, world wars, and contemporary history. Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC) grading is not available. Credit is awarded for only one of HIST 020 or HIST 020H.

HIST 024. Ancient Israel and Its Near Eastern Context (4) Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): none. Introduces biblical archaeology and its historical interpretation. Focuses on the Old Testament and its historical and cultural setting in the ancient Near East. Explores biblical and non-biblical literature (Canaanite, Sumerian, Babylonian, Assyrian) to illustrate further the contacts and interconnections among all the peoples of the ancient Near East.

HIST 025. The Ancient Mediterranean (4) Lecture, 3 hours; consultation, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): none. Surveys the political history of the ancient Mediterranean world from the Bronze Age (3000 B.C.) to the beginning of the Common era. Focuses on the Near East (Sumer, Babylonia, Assyria, Egypt, Israel, Persia), Greece, and Rome. Provides a coherent background for advanced study in ancient Near Eastern, biblical, or classical history.

HIST 026. Civilization before Greece and Rome (4) Lecture, 3 hours; consultation, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): none. An introduction to the history of the ancient Near East, focusing on Mesopotamia and Egypt, but also including the Syro-Palestinian, Anatolian, and Aegean regions. Covers the history and culture of the world from circa 3000 to 300 B.C. that formed the backdrop to the Hebrew Bible and the Homeric epic tradition. Provides a background for further study of the ancient Mediterranean, Near Eastern, or biblical worlds.

HIST 027. Rome: The Ancient City (4) Lecture, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Traces the development of the city of ancient Rome. By studying the literary and historical evidence alongside the physical remains of the city—its monuments, art, and historical and archaeological remains—this course seeks to introduce students to the Romans and to their importance for later ages. Cross-listed with AHS 030 and CLA 017.

HIST 030. Themes and Personalities in History (4) Lecture, 3 hours; consultation, 1 hour. Enduring themes and great personalities in the history of man selected from Western and non-Western traditions. Concentration will be on particular subtopics to be announced in the Schedule of Classes.

HIST 032. Disease and Society (4) Lecture, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. The history of disease is a history of massive population change, cultural shocks, and globalization. Aims to grasp the complex and reciprocal relationship between society and disease. Analyzes how cultures, states, and individuals shape the spread of contagious disease, and how disease affects societies.

HIST 033. Witchcraft in Colonial America (4) Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): none. Introduces the history of witchcraft beliefs and witch-hunting in colonial America. Explores witchcraft in its many dimensions: religious, cultural, psychological, political, legal, social, and economic. Students read original documents and study recent scholarly interpretations of early American events and attitudes.

HIST 034. Introduction to Native American Culture and Religion (4) Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour. Interdisciplinary study of contemporary and historic Native American efforts to resist colonialism, with a strong emphasis on land matters, identity issues, and religious forms. Promotes critical reflection on historic and contemporary culture and politics. Cross-listed with RLST 024.

HIST 035. History of North American Indians, 1491-1799 (4) Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): none. Examines North American Indian history from 1491 through Handsome Lake’s Revitalization Movement, highlighting the experiences of selected Native groups during the colonial era. Special attention is given to the importance of Native American perspectives of historical issues and events.

HIST 036. History of North American Indians, 1800-1899 (4) Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): none. Examines North American Indian history during the nineteenth century from Jefferson’s administration to McKinley’s administration. Explores government policies, native agency, and the interface of multiple cultures. Emphasizes Native American historical interpretations.

HIST 037. History of North American Indians, 1900-Present (4) Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): none. Examines North American Indian history during the twentieth century and early twenty-first century. Topics include allotment, the Indian New Deal, World War II, termination, self-determination, and tribal sovereignty. Students read original documents, study new interpretations, and learn about contemporary Native people.

HIST 038. The Maya from Ancient to Modern Times (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Examination of the Maya of Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras from the rise of civilization to the present day. Topics to be discussed include the nature of Maya civilization; the Preclassic, Classic, and Postclassic Maya; the Spanish conquest; the Maya under Spanish colonialism; the impact of liberal policies in the nineteenth century; revolution and repression in the twentieth century. Videos and slides used to illustrate important themes and concepts.

HIST 044. Gods, Ghosts, and Grandparents (4) Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour. Considers some of the different ways the Chinese regarded—and still regard—gods, ghosts, and ancestors. Nearly all the readings are primary sources spanning almost four thousand years of Chinese history and include texts on oracle bones, philosophical arguments for and against the existence of spirits, tomb contracts for the dead, a sutra promoting the goddess Guanyin as Giver of Sons, ghost stories, and eyewitness accounts of funeral rituals. Cross-listed with RLST 044.

HIST 045 (E-Z). Topics in Asian History (4) Lecture, 3 hours; consultation, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): none. An introduction to regional histories and cultures of Asia. E. Premodern China and Japan; F. Contemporary China; G. India in the Western Imagination. Cross-listed with AST 045 (E-Z).

HIST 046. Introduction to Southeast Asian History (4) Lecture, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Introduces major themes and events in Southeast Asian history, beginning with pre-history and ending with contemporary events in the region. Aims to develop basic historical approaches to understanding contemporary trends, such as the spread of world religions, regional differences and connections, trading patterns, cultural forms, and historically important sites.

HIST 051. Europe from Plague to Revolution, 1400-1750 (4) Lecture, 3 hours; term paper, 3 hours. A survey of European history from the aftermath of the Black Death until the French Revolution. Introduces the geographic, demographic, and economic conditions underlying early modern European society, and examines cultural, political, and intellectual forms as they changed. Special attention is given to the historical experience of individuals, including commoners and elites.

HIST 052. Europe from the Enlightenment to 1968 (4) Lecture, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. A survey of European history from the mid-eighteenth century to 1968. Focuses on the political and social revolutions in France and Russia, two world wars, and the consequences of rapid industrialization. Explains the emergence of a large middle class, the transformation of women’s roles, and changing perceptions of the outside world.

HIST 060. Years of Protest: America, 1960-1975 (4) Lecture, 3 hours; consultation, 1 hour. A close examination of the intellectual and cultural trends in the period from 1960-1975, with emphasis on the rise of the New Left, the Counterculture and the growing militancy of Blacks, Native Americans, Chicanos, and women.

HIST 061. Martin Luther King, Jr (4) Lecture, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): ETST 001, HIST 060, or consent of instructor. A study of the life of Martin Luther King, Jr. with emphasis on the civil rights campaigns he led in the period, 1955-1968, and on the social and political philosophies he taught and espoused. Cross-listed with ETST 061.

HIST 075. Introduction to Latin America (4) Lecture, 3 hours; consultation, 1 hour. The historical heritage of Latin America from its Indian, Spanish, and African origins to the present, including the related Latino experience in the United States. Contemporary and historical themes will range from poverty, revolution, race relations, and imperialism to music, art, sports, popular culture, and social mores.

Upper-Division Courses

HIST 103. History of Science from Antiquity to Copernicus (4) Lecture, 3 hours; outside research, 2 hours; term paper, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. An introduction to ancient and medieval science focusing on the development of mathematical description of nature in astronomy. Secondarily, the early histories of physics and mechanics as they relate to the history of astronomy are covered.

HIST 104. The Scientific Revolution (4) Lecture, 3 hours; online discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. History of the scientific revolution of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries from Copernicus through Newton, stressing the cultural interaction of science, philosophy, and religion, with secondary attention to the historical sociology of science.

HIST 105. Science in the Modern World (4) Lecture, 3 hours; online discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. History of science in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, stressing the rise of the Darwinian world view, the genetic revolution and its social consequences, and the romantic rejection of science.

HIST 106. Science in Triumph and Crisis (4) Lecture, 3 hours; online discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. History of science in the twentieth century with attention to the revolutions in physics and biology, the role of scientists in the world wars, the social responsibility debate, and the rise of the United States as a scientific power.

HIST 108. Technology in Premodern Civilizations (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Examines relations between society, machine, and state in ancient China, Greece, and Rome, and in medieval Europe. Focuses on key mechanical and civil technologies and the role of the state in differentiating their development between the four historic civilizations. A major theme concerns the relation of craft and state technologies to abstract natural reasoning as a historical background to scientific revolution in Europe.

HIST 109. Technology in Modern Europe and America, 1700-Present (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Examines the emergence of modernity in Europe, the first and second industrial revolutions in Europe and America, the development of device commodities as the typical form of consumer technology in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, philosophical issues in understanding technology, and whether or not the technological social structures in the United States are an exception to those developed in Europe.

HIST 110. History of Ancient Astronomy (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Explores the origins and history of ancient astronomy from Mesopotamia to the Greco-Roman world. Topics include the problems of the calendar and planetary motion, and the relation between astronomy and astrology in the ancient world. Focuses on readings from primary texts. Cross-listed with CPAC 134.

HIST 111. Public History and Community Voices (4) Lecture, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Introduction to the study of public history and the use of oral history, narratives, written sources, photographs, material culture, and other documentary evidence important to presenting historical information and interpretation to a large audience. Analysis of archives, museums, government agencies, familial sources, and other historical repositories that hold community voices. Students present public history by producing an exhibit, published work, or community project.

HIST 137 (E-Z). Themes and Topics in African History (4) Lecture, 3 hours; term paper, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. A thematic and topical approach to the study of African history from the early Nile Valley civilizations to the twentieth century. Examines the temporal and spatial development of African societies—including their social, political, economic, and ideological systems—during the precolonial, colonial, and postcolonial periods. F. West African History to 1800; I. Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Africa and European Imperialism; J. Ancient Africa; K. Africa from 1000-1880; M. Twentieth-Century Africa. Cross-listed with ETST 117 (E-Z).

HIST 151. Interpreting World History (4) Lecture, 3 hours; term paper, 3 hours, or peer mentoring, 3-5 hours, or school mentoring, 3-5 hours. Prerequisite(s): HIST 010 or HIST 010H (may be taken concurrently), HIST 015 or HIST 015H (may be taken concurrently), HIST 020 or HIST 020H (may be taken concurrently). Covers approaches to interpreting human history on a global scale. Topics include units of analysis, periodization, teleology, source constraints and the impact of modern perspectives. Students may apply course concepts through peer mentoring, presentation in Riverside schools, or a research project.

HIST 180. Early Traditional China (4) Lecture, 3 hours; term paper, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor; at least one lower-division history course recommended. The history of China from Neolithic times to the end of the Tang Dynasty (early tenth century, C.E.) with emphasis on social, economic, and political history.

HIST 181. Late Traditional China (4) Lecture, 3 hours; term paper, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor; HIST 180 strongly recommended. A survey of Chinese history from the tenth century to the early nineteenth century, covering the Song, Yuan, Ming, and part of the Qing dynasties. Emphasis on social, economic, and political history.

HIST 182. Modern China (4) Lecture, 3 hours; term paper, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor; HIST 180 and HIST 181 are recommended. Examines the history of China from the Opium War to the early Communist period (1842-1960). The emphasis is on reaction to the Western impact and modernization.

HIST 184. The Vietnam Wars (4) Lecture, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. An in-depth introduction to Vietnamese history in the twentieth century that covers the three Indochina Wars (1945-1986) primarily from different Vietnamese perspectives. Begins with experiences during French colonial rule and then covers anti-colonial movements, periods of French and American military involvement to 1975, post-war society, and post-doi moi society.

HIST 185. Southeast Asia, Prehistory to 1800 (4) Lecture, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Covers major historical periods and cultures in Southeast Asia from prehistory, through classical kingdoms, to early modern trading states. Considers the role of ancient stories, religious systems, technologies, and art forms in forming traditional Southeast Asian identities, as well as influences on these identities from outside the region.

HIST 186. Modern Southeast Asia, 1800 to Present (4) Lecture, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Studies the formation of modern Southeast Asian nations and cultures since 1800. Compares colonial and post-colonial experiences in the region, studying the formation of nationalist movements and the relationship of nationalist history with traditional and local histories. Considers role of the individual, modern media, and global trade in the near present.

HIST 187. Vietnamese Literary History (4) Lecture, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing. A historical analysis of Vietnamese literature from its oral tradition to contemporary fiction, with close readings of major authors. Follows the formation of the nation-state and struggle with the Chinese, French, Japanese, and Americans. No knowledge of Vietnamese is required. Readings are in translation or bilingual editions; classes are conducted in English. Cross-listed with AST 162 and VNM 162.

HIST 188 (E-Z). Topics in Chinese History (4) Lecture, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing; HIST 180 or HIST 181 or HIST 182; or consent of instructor. An in-depth look at important topics in Chinese history. E. Chinese Food Culture. Cross-listed with AST 188 (E-Z).

HIST 190. Special Studies (1-5) To be taken with the consent of the chair of the department to meet special curricular problems. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 16 units.

HIST 191 (E-Z). Seminar in History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or upper-division course in the period or subject matter of the topic, or consent of instructor. Requires a substantial research paper or project, the result of carefully guided independent work (students may continue and expand papers or projects into a quarter of directed research by enrolling in HIST 199). E. Medieval History; F. Renaissance and Reformation; G. Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century Europe; I. Nineteenth-Century Europe; J. Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century England; K. Twentieth-Century Europe; L. Modern Russia; M. European Thought and Culture; N. Mexican Migration to the United States; P. Colonial American History; Q. Nineteenth-Century American History; R. The American West; S. Twentieth-Century American History; T. American Thought and Culture; U. Colonial and Nineteenth-Century Latin America; V. Recent Latin America; W. Chinese History; X. Mass Media; Y. African History; Z. Ancient History.

HIST 198-I. Individual Internship in History (1-12) laboratory, 4-36 hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor and upper-division standing. Individual interns will learn about the policies and operations, present and past, of cooperating agencies, such as museums, archives, professional associations, clinics, hospitals, churches, businesses. Students will become familiar with the on-going operations of these organizations and will research and write their histories under faculty supervision. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 16 units.

HIST 199. Senior Research (1-4) Outside research, 3-12 hours. Prerequisite(s): a segment of HIST 191 (E-Z); not open to students in the University Honors Program. The student works individually with the instructor to continue and expand a research paper or project begun in a HIST 191 (E-Z) segment. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 8 units.

HIST 199H. Senior Honors Research (1-5) Outside research, 3-15 hours. Prerequisite(s): admission to the University Honors Program or consent of instructor. Offers the opportunity for directed research at an honors level. Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC) grading is not available.

Graduate Courses

Consent of the instructor is required for enrollment in all graduate courses.

HIST 200. General Colloquium in European History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Introduces advanced study of major themes and areas in British, European, and Russian history. Concentrates on recent scholarship illustrating current methods and questions in European history. Covers all three major geographical areas, although emphasis may vary. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 8 units.

HIST 201A. Materials for American History: Colonial North America (4) lecture and discussion, 3 hours. Colonial North American history as seen through primary and secondary literature.

HIST 201B. Materials for American History: United States, 1789-1877 (4) lecture and discussion, 3 hours. American history from 1789 to 1877 as seen through primary and secondary literature.

HIST 201C. Materials for American History: United States, 1877 to the Present (4) lecture and discussion, 3 hours. American history from 1877 to the present as seen through primary and secondary literature.

HIST 202C. Materials for European History: Early Modern Europe (1400-1648) (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Covers early modern European history (1400-1648) as seen through primary and secondary literature.

HIST 202D. Materials for European History: Ancien RÈgime (1648-1789) (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Covers Ancien RÈgime (1648-1789) history as seen through primary and secondary literature.

HIST 202E. Materials for European History: Nineteenth Century (1789-1890) (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Covers nineteenth-century European history (1789-1890) as seen through primary and secondary literature.

HIST 202F. Materials for European History: Early Twentieth Century (1890-1945) (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Covers early twentieth-century European history (1890-1945) as seen through primary and secondary literature.

HIST 202G. Materials for European History: Late Twentieth Century (1945-1989) (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Covers late twentieth-century European history (1945-1989) as seen through primary and secondary literature.

HIST 203A. Materials for Native American History: Early America, Fifteenth through Eighteenth Centuries (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Introduces students to the central historical problems, historiographical debates, and theoretical approaches to the study of Native American history in the fifteenth through the eighteenth centuries.

HIST 203B. Materials for Native American History: Nineteenth Century (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Introduces students to the central historical problems, historiographical debates, and theoretical approaches to the study of Native American History in the nineteenth century.

HIST 203C. Materials for Native American History: Twentieth Century (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Introduces students to the central historical problems, historiographical debates, and theoretical approaches to the study of Native American history in the twentieth century.

HIST 204. Materials for Modern French and Latin European History (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Basic readings in secondary literature on the history of modern France since the Revolution of 1789 with selected themes on Italy and Spain.

HIST 205A. Materials for English History: 1485-1820 (4) Lecture, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. An examination of some of the major primary materials for English history and an assessment of important secondary accounts.

HIST 205B. Materials for English History: 1760 to the Present (4) Lecture, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. An examination of some of the major primary materials for English history and an assessment of important secondary accounts.

HIST 206A. Materials for Latin American History: Colonial Period to 1820 (4) Lecture, 3 hours. Colonial Latin American history as seen through primary and secondary literature.

HIST 206B. Materials for Latin American History: 1820 to the Present (4) Lecture, 3 hours. Latin American history from 1820 to the present as seen through primary and secondary literature.

HIST 207. Materials for the Early Modern World (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. An exploration of the major concepts, categories, methodological approaches, and historiographical issues in recent scholarship on the early modern world (circa 1400-1750), focusing on interregional and interdisciplinary analysis.

HIST 209A. Materials for Modern Russia: 1801 to 1917 (4) Lecture, 3 hours; consultation, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. An examination of the historiography on Russian history. Topics include social developments, cultural and religious history, peasants, industrialization, revolutionary movements, Bolshevism, ideology, and the Russian Civil War.

HIST 209B. Materials for Modern Russia: Soviet History (4) Lecture, 3 hours; consultation, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. An examination of the historiography on Russian history. Topics include social developments, cultural and religious history, Stalinism, World War II, and the post-Stalin period.

HIST 210. Introduction to Economic History (4) Lecture, 3 hours; consultation, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing. Analysis of selected problems on economic history with an emphasis on methodological approaches to those issues.

HIST 215 (E-Z). Topics in American History (4) Lecture, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing. Analysis of selected specific topics in American history. E. Slave Folklore and the Historical Process; F. Culture and Politics in Twentieth-Century United States; G. Transnational Migrations; I. Populism, the Progressive Movement, and the New Deal; J. The World of Little Women .

HIST 216 (E-Z). Themes in the History of the Americas (4) Seminar, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. A topical, thematic, and transnational approach to the history of the Americas. Addresses intranational and international histories of the countries and peoples of the Americas. E. Mexican Cross-Border Labor, Organizing, and Internationalism, 1900-1975.

HIST 217 (E-Z). Topics in Asian History (4) Lecture, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing and consent of instructor. An introduction to a set of major research monographs in Asian history. E. Agrarian China from the Ming Dynasty to the Present.

HIST 218. Africa in the Era of the Transatlantic Slave Trade (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Examines the political economies and the social and cultural histories of Atlantic Africa between 1500 and 1800 within the wider framework of the Atlantic world. Emphasis is on methodological and theoretical issues and questions. Readings are based on primary historical sources as well as on recent research in the field.

HIST 220. Approaches to Women’s History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. An exploration of the major methodological and historiographical issues in women’s history. It will focus primarily, but not exclusively, on women in the United States.

HIST 221. Approaches to the Hellenistic World, East and West (4) Lecture, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Introduces the Hellenistic age as it took shape in the Eastern and Western Mediterranean. Examines how new currents of thought merged with preexisting institutions. Topics include political, social, religious, and intellectual developments.

HIST 222. Approaches to Late Antiquity (4) Lecture, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. An introduction to the central historiographical debates in the field of Late Antiquity.

HIST 223. Approaches to Early Medieval History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Introduces students to advanced scholarship in selected areas of early medieval historiography. Students focus on independent historiographical research. May be taken Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC) with consent of instructor and graduate advisor.

HIST 224. Approaches to Later Medieval History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Introduces students to advanced scholarship in selected areas of later medieval historiography. Students focus on independent historiographical research. May be taken Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC) with consent of instructor and graduate advisor.

HIST 225A. Seminar in Ancient and Medieval History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Examines a historical theme or issue in ancient and medieval history. Includes readings in primary sources and analysis of research methods. First of a two-quarter sequence in which students begin work on a major research paper. Graded In Progress (IP) until HIST 225A and HIST 225B are completed, at which time a final grade is assigned. After completing both HIST 225A and HIST 225B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units.

HIST 225B. Seminar in Ancient and Medieval History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor; HIST 225A. Examines a historical theme or issue in ancient and medieval history. Includes readings in primary sources and analysis of research methods. Second of a two-quarter sequence in which students complete a major research paper. After completing both HIST 225A and HIST 225B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units.

HIST 226 (E-Z). Special Topics in Latin American History (4) Lecture, 3 hours; discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): HIST 206A or HIST 206B or consent of instructor. Analysis of selected specific topics in Latin American History. E. Latin American Social and Economic History; F. Race and Ethnicity in Latin America; G. Women in Latin America; I. Politics and the Formation of Nation States; J. History of the Latin American Family; K. Immigration, Emigration, and Migration; M. Mass Media in Latin America; N. U.S.-Latin American Relations; O. Nationalism, Liberalism, and Socialism in Latin America: the Southern Cone, 1880-1980; Q. Slavery and Slave Society in Nineteenth-Century Latin America.

HIST 229. The American Other: Apparitions and Appropriations (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing. Cultural studies of the uncanny in American history in relation to race, gender, and colonialism.

HIST 230. The American Frontier: Ideas and Interpretations (4) Lecture, 3 hours; consultation and extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): HISA 137. The broad themes and historical interpretations regarding the frontier as a factor in the American character and in American institutions.

HIST 237. Theory and the Study of Native American History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. An examination of salient theoretical issues raised by Native American history. Critiques theoretical approaches and assumptions currently shaping Native American history and assays the potential contributions to Native American history of theoretical approaches developed in other fields of concentration.

HIST 238A. Oral History Methods and Theory (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. A study of oral history methods, theory, and practice. Students discuss readings and develop oral history projects and questions. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 8 units.

HIST 238B. Oral History Methods and Theory (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor; HIST 238A. A study of oral history methods, theory, and practice. Students conduct interviews, transcribe, and produce a paper which utilizes the oral history interviews. Includes discussion of final interviews, transcripts, analysis, and paper of each student. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 8 units.

HIST 240 (E-Z). Documentary Source Study (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Introduction to the scholarly handlings of texts, whether ancient or modern, including inscriptions, manuscripts, and archival documents. Instruction in the methodologies, tools, sources, and the editing and use of texts in history. Analysis of archival structure and organization and of questions of document authorship, provenance, paleography, language and syntax, internal structure, and variant texts. E. Russian. Each segment is repeatable to a maximum of 12 units.

HIST 250. New Directions in Historical Research (4) Seminar, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Frontiers of research in major historical periods. The coordinator and guest professors will discuss the methods and kinds of research which are most fruitful in his or her particular specialty.

HIST 251A. General Seminar in European History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Seminar in European history, including continental European, British, and Russian history, intended primarily for M.A. students. Includes readings in archival and research methods, and in a shared research theme. Students complete a major research paper based on extensive use of primary source material. Graded In Progress (IP) until HIST 251A and HIST 251B are completed, at which time a final grade is assigned. After completing both HIST 251A and HIST 251B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units.

HIST 251B. General Seminar in European History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor; HIST 251A. Seminar in European history, including continental European, British, and Russian history, intended primarily for M.A. students. Includes readings in archival and research methods, and in a shared research theme. Students complete a major research paper based on extensive use of primary source material. After completing both HIST 251A and HIST 251B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units.

HIST 252. Materials Supplement (4) Seminar, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): any course in 201-206 series. Designed as a supplement to program of readings covered in materials courses; additional works are to be drawn from reading lists for M.A. comprehensive examinations. Graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable.

HIST 253A. Seminar in Renaissance and Reformation History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Covers primary and secondary literature related to Renaissance and Reformation history. First of a two-quarter sequence in which students begin work on a research paper. Graded In Progress (IP) until HIST 253A and HIST 253B are completed, at which time a final grade is assigned. After completing both HIST 253A and HIST 253B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units.

HIST 253B. Seminar in Renaissance and Reformation History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor; HIST 253A. Second of a two-quarter sequence in which students complete a research paper on Renaissance and Reformation history. After completing both HIST 253A and HIST 253B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units.

HIST 254. Theory and Methods in History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing; consent of instructor; consent of advisor if repeating the course. Studies the evolution of the discipline of history by exploring theories, philosophies, and methods that are used in historical explanation. Concentrates on how some particular body of theory has influenced the writing of history. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 12 units as topics change.

HIST 255A. Seminar in Modern Russia (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): UC Riverside graduate standing; consent of one of the UC Riverside instructors. A research seminar on modern Russian history (1801 to present). Covers appropriate primary sources and secondary literature. Topics include, but are not limited to, social history, labor, ideology, politics, and revolutions from the Imperial and/or Soviet periods. An intercampus course taught jointly by faculty from UC Riverside, Irvine, San Diego, and Los Angeles. Graded In Progress (IP) until HIST 255A and HIST 255B are completed, at which time a final grade is assigned. After completing both HIST 255A and HIST 255B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units.

HIST 255B. Seminar in Modern Russia (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): UC Riverside graduate standing; consent of one of the UC Riverside instructors; HIST 255A. A research seminar on modern Russian history (1801 to present). Covers completion of research paper begun in HIST 255A. Topics include, but are not limited to, social history, labor, ideology, politics, and revolutions from the Imperial and/or Soviet periods. An intercampus course taught jointly by faculty from UC Riverside, Irvine, San Diego, and Los Angeles. After completing both HIST 255A and HIST 255B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units.

HIST 256A. Seminar in English History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing; HISE 151, HISE 152, or equivalents. A seminar on seventeenth- and eighteenth-century English history with primary emphasis on the historical literature within the field. Covers appropriate primary sources and secondary literature. Graded In Progress (IP) until HIST 256A and HIST 256B are completed, at which time a final grade is assigned. After completing both HIST 256A and HIST 256B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units.

HIST 256B. Seminar in English History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing; HISE 151, HISE 152, or equivalents; HIST 256A. A seminar on seventeenth- and eighteenth-century English history with primary emphasis on the historical literature within the field. Students complete a research paper. After completing both HIST 256A and HIST 256B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units.

HIST 258A. Seminar in Modern European History (4) Seminar, 3 hours. Graded In Progress (IP) until HIST 258B is completed, at which time a final grade is assigned. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 8 units.

HIST 258B. Seminar in Modern European History (4) Seminar, 3 hours. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 8 units.

HIST 260. Historic Preservation (4) Seminar, 3 hours; conference, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Public policy and instruments of historic preservation in the urban setting.

HIST 260L. Preservation Conservation Practicum (2) Research, 6 hours. Prerequisite(s): HIST 260, and/or HIST 261. Supervised training in the National Register nomination process and in development of the conservation management plan, with independent research projects in either conservation or preservation.

HIST 261. Conservation Science and Historical Objects (4) Seminar, 3 hours; laboratory, 2 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Principles and methods of conservation science related to historical artifacts; introduction to conservation practice in selected categories of objects; seminar and laboratory.

HIST 262. Museum Research and Interpretation (4) Seminar, 3 hours; consultation, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Principles and methods of historical research in material culture; museum interpretation of artifacts; general orientation to the role of the historical curator.

HIST 262L. Museum Interpretation Practicum (2) Outside research, 2 hours. Prerequisite(s): concurrent enrollment in HIST 262. Supervised research and interpretation in a museum; intended to accompany HIST 262.

HIST 263. Archival Management (4) Seminar, 3 hours; research, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Theory and practice of archival management; history of archives; professional ethics.

HIST 263L. Archival Management Practicum (3) Research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): HIST 263. Supervised research and administrative experience in an archive; intended to follow HIST 263.

HIST 264. Materials for Public History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Introduces students to primary materials for public history and its central historical problems and historiography. Also discusses debates within the field.

HIST 265A. Seminar in Public History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Focuses on themes affecting the management of archives, museums, cultural resources, and historic preservation. Students study sources and documents and present findings through an original research paper or museum, archival, or preservation project. First of a two-quarter sequence. Graded In Progress (IP)) until HIST 265A and HIST 265B are completed, at which time a final grade is assigned. After completing both HIST 265A and HIST 265B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units.

HIST 265B. Seminar in Public History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Focuses on themes affecting the management of archives, museums, cultural resources, and historic preservation. Students study sources and documents and present findings through an original research paper or museum, archival, or preservation project. Second of a two-quarter sequence. After completing both HIST 265A and HIST 265B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units.

HIST 272A. Seminar in American Colonial and Early National History (4) Seminar, 3 hours. Graded In Progress (IP) until all terms are completed, when a final grade will be assigned. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 8 units.

HIST 272B. Seminar in American Colonial and Early National History (4) Seminar, 3 hours. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 8 units.

HIST 273A. Seminar in the American West (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. A research seminar focusing on themes in the study of the American West from the colonial era to the present, including migration, expansion, and modern urban development. Includes historical interpretations, readings, discussions, and research. Students begin a paper based on archival research, oral history, and material culture. Graded In Progress (IP) until HIST 237A and HIST 273B are completed, at which time a final grade is assigned. After completing both HIST 273A and HIST 273B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units.

HIST 273B. Seminar in the American West (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor; HIST 273A. A research seminar focusing on themes in the study of the American West from the colonial era to the present, including migration, expansion, and modern urban development. Includes historical interpretations, readings, discussions, and research. Students complete a paper based on archival research, oral history, and material culture. After completing both HIST 273A and HIST 273B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units.

HIST 274A. Seminar in Nineteenth-Century United States History (4) Seminar, 3 hours. Graded In Progress (IP) until HIST 274A and HIST 274B are completed, at which time a final grade is assigned. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 8 units.

HIST 274B. Seminar in Nineteenth-Century United States History (4) Seminar, 3 hours. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 8 units.

HIST 275A. Seminar in Twentieth-Century United States History (4) Seminar, 3 hours. Graded In Progress (IP) until HIST 275A and HIST 275B are completed, at which time a final grade is assigned. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 8 units.

HIST 275B. Seminar in Twentieth-Century United States History (4) Seminar, 3 hours. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 8 units.

HIST 276A. Seminar in Native American History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. An examination of Native American historical research, exploring philosophy, methodology, historiography, and sources relative to American Indians. Students study a variety of sources and documents, compile an annotated bibliography, conceptualize and design a research project, and begin work on an original historical paper. Graded In Progress (IP) until HIST 276A and HIST 276B are completed, at which time a final grade is assigned. After completing both HIST 276A and HIST 276B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units.

HIST 276B. Seminar in Native American History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor; HIST 276A. A continuation of HIST 276A. Students conduct research on the topics selected in HIST 276A. Additional readings may be assigned at the discretion of the instructor. At the term’s end, students present their findings through an original historical research paper. Instructors may also assign oral presentations of research findings. After completing both HIST 276A and HIST 276B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units.

HIST 277. Approaches to Early Modern World History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Study of selected historical themes, such as labor, gender, migration, cultural contact, and colonial systems, in an early modern context. Focuses on regional studies and issues of global connection in the early modern period. Intensive discussions of current scholarship in the given field. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 12 units with consent of advisor.

HIST 285A. Seminar in Latin American History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; research, 3 hours. Graded In Progress (IP) until both terms are completed, when a final letter grade will be assigned. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 8 units.

HIST 285B. Seminar in Latin American History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; research, 3 hours. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 8 units.

HIST 287A. Seminar in Nature, Place, and Space: Environmental and Spatial Approaches to History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor. Surveys historical literature and methodologies involved in spatial and environmental analyses of the past, examines technical and methodological issues involved in using spatial documents (maps), and discusses applications of historical research to environmental remediation. Students work on a research paper. May be undertaken as a one- or two-quarter course (HIST 287A, HIST 287B). Graded In Progress (IP) until the last quarter is completed, at which time a final grade is assigned. After completing both HIST 287A and HIST 287B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units.

HIST 287B. Seminar in Nature, Place, and Space: Environmental and Spatial Approaches to History (4) Seminar, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing or consent of instructor; HIST 287A. Surveys historical literature and methodologies involved in spatial and environmental analyses of the past, examines technical and methodological issues involved in using spatial documents (maps), and discusses applications of historical research to environmental remediation. Students discuss and critique each other’s research. After completing both HIST 287A and HIST 287B, students may repeat the sequence once for credit; total credit for each course may not exceed 8 units. Course is repeatable to a maximum of 8 units.

HIST 290. Directed Studies (1-6) Prerequisite(s): consent of the chair of the department. Graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable.

HIST 291. Individual Study in History (1-12) A program of study designed to advise and assist graduate candidates who are preparing for examinations. Does not count toward the unit requirement for the master’s degree. Graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable.

HIST 292. Concurrent Analytical Studies (1-4) Outside research, 3-12 hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. Taken concurrently with some 100-series course, but on an individual basis. Devoted to completion of a graduate paper based on research or criticism related to the 100-series course, the program of study is worked out with the instructor. Graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). May be repeated for credit.

HIST 297. Directed Research (1-6) Prerequisite(s): consent of instructor. Individualized graduate student research under the sponsorship of specific faculty members, in topics other than the student’s dissertation. Graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). May be repeated for up to 8 units.

HIST 299. Research for Thesis or Dissertation (1-12) Graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable.

Professional Courses

HIST 301. The Teaching of History at the College Level (4) Seminar, 3 hours; consultation, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing. Normally required of all doctoral candidates and teaching assistants in the department; open to terminal M.A. students with consent of instructor. Credit not applicable to graduate unit requirements. Graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC).

HIST 302. Teaching Practicum (1-4) Clinic, 1-4 hours; seminar, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): limited to departmental teaching assistants; graduate standing. Supervised teaching in upper- and lower-division history courses. Required of all History teaching assistants. Fulfills teaching portion of Ph.D. teaching requirement. Graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable.

HIST 398-I. Internship in Public History (8-12) Outside research, 8-12 hours; internship, 16-24 hours. Prerequisite(s): consent of program coordinator. An internship at a museum, archive, gallery, or other cooperating institution under the direction of a faculty member. Graded Satisfactory (S) or No Credit (NC). Course is repeatable to a maximum of 16 units.

HIST 402. Professional Practice for the Public Historian (2) Lecture, 1 hour; discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): graduate standing. Case study approach to the practice, professional codes, and ethics of public historians, including problems in conflict of interest, fee services, political advocacy, expert legal testimony, civil service, conflict with other professions (e.g., architecture), bidding procedures, and proprietary rights.

History of the Americas

Upper-Division Courses

HISA 110A. Colonial America (4) Lecture, 3 hours; term paper, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. An exploration of early American society from settlement through the mid-eighteenth century. Topics include the convergence of Native American, European, and African cultures; the origins of slavery; religious diversity; and the growth and development of the colonies.

HISA 110B. Revolutionary America (4) Lecture, 3 hours; term paper, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. An analysis of the political, social, and cultural movements that led to the American revolution and the formation of the Republic. Topics include crowd activity, imperial conflict, and the creation of the constitution.

HISA 110C. The Early Republic: The United States, 1789-1848 (4) Lecture, 3 hours; term paper, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Analyzes social, economic, political, and intellectual forces that transformed the United States from a fledgling preindustrial nation into a sprawling, exuberant, capitalist society. Topics include industrialism, capitalism, Christianity, democratic politics, slavery and racial structures, abolitionism, and American radicalism and nationalism.

HISA 113. Slavery and the Old South (4) Lecture, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. An investigation of slavery in the antebellum South. Topics include: the emergence of the self-conscious South, the romanticized plantation, American historians and slavery, etc.

HISA 114. The American Civil War (4) Lecture, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. An analysis of the American Civil War. Topics will include: Slavery as a cause of the war, the impact of emancipation and of the war on both North and South.

HISA 115. Reconstruction (4) Lecture, 3 hours; term paper, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Major leaders and events of post-Civil War America, with emphasis upon Reconstruction, racial and political conflict, industrial growth, and other historical developments that helped shape the modern South and the expanding nation.

HISA 116. The United States, 1877-1914 (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. An analysis of political, social, economic, and cultural developments in the United States between the end of Reconstruction and the beginning of World War I.

HISA 117A. United States, 1914 to 1945 (4) Lecture, 3 hours; term paper, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Topics include the emergence of the United States as a global power, the second industrial revolution, the development of a consumer culture, and the creation of a regulatory state.

HISA 117B. United States, 1945 to the Present (4) Lecture, 3 hours; term paper, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Topics include the Cold War, the political and cultural consequences of post-World War II affluence, the social movements of the 1960s, Vietnam, and the conservative resurgence of the 1970s and 1980s.

HISA 118. American Thought in the Twentieth Century (4) Lecture, 3 hours; online discussion, 1 hour. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. The rise of contemporary liberal culture in the United States and the conservative challenge to it, from the crisis of 1893 to the 1970s, emphasizing the contributions of Herbert Croly, John Dewey, Robert Oppenheimer, and Reinhold Niebuhr.

HISA 119. Modern U.S. Consumer Culture (4) Lecture, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Examines the history and culture of mass consumerism in the United States. Topics include the shift from mass production to mass consumption; the growth of advertising and product marketing; the rise of the department store and shopping mall; the relationship of race, ethnicity, and gender to the market; globalization; and anticonsumerism.

HISA 120A. The Supreme Court and the Constitution (4) Lecture, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Examines the intellectual and political sources of the Constitution in English, colonial, and revolutionary war history; the Philadelphia convention and the debate over ratification; the formative impact of the Marshall court; and the crisis over slavery and the nature of the Union. Discusses the role of the court in protecting U.S. capitalism and then examines the court’s role in legitimizing the New Deal by 1953. The main materials of the course are the actual opinions of the court.

HISA 120B. The Supreme Court and the Constitution (4) Lecture, 3 hours; outside research, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Examines constitutional history after the New Deal settlement of issues concerning the powers of the national government. Explores the court’s focus after 1953 on the struggle over racial and gender equality and on the expansion and protection of individual liberties contained in the Bill of Rights. The main materials of the course are the major court opinions from the Warren to the Rehnquist courts, 1953-2001.

HISA 122A. Religious Cultures in Early America (4) Lecture, 3 hours; term paper, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor; HIST 017A is recommended. An introduction to religious beliefs and practices during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in the colonies that became the United States. Cross-listed with RLST 137A.

HISA 122B. Religious Cultures in Modern America (4) Lecture, 3 hours; term paper, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor; HIST 017B is recommended. An introduction to a variety of religious traditions, movements, and cultures from 1800 to the present in the United States. Cross-listed with RLST 137B.

HISA 123. American Economic History (4) Lecture, 3 hours; individual study, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Economic history of the United States from colonial times to the present. Cross-listed with ECON 123.

HISA 124. Labor and Working Class History of the United States (4) Lecture, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Introduction to the history of work, workers and their families, communities, organizations, unions, and workers’ organizations in the United States from the mid-nineteenth century to the present. Attention is paid to gender, race, immigration, and diversity of the work force, and role of government, within an economic and international context.

HISA 130. Gender, Sex, and Sexuality in Early America (4) Lecture, 3 hours; term paper, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Introduction to issues of gender, sex, and sexuality in the culture of early America. Based on both primary and secondary literature. Cross-listed with WMST 130.

HISA 132. U.S. Women, Gender, and Sexuality: 1620-1850 (4) Lecture, 3 hours; extra reading, 3 hours. Prerequisite(s): upper-division standing or consent of instructor. Covers topics in early American women’s lives—work, politics, and sexuality—while charting the developments of gendered systems in t